{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T05:54:07Z","timestamp":1781243647877,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are no series evaluating penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC) based on human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Herein, we present national registry data on clinical and survival outcomes for pSCC based on HPV status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a retrospective review of 1224 pSCC patients with known HPV staining from the National Cancer Database. Patients with cM1 disease, those who did not receive treatment, or had missing follow\u2010up data were excluded. Logistic regression identified factors associated with locally aggressive disease. Univariable, multivariable, and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)\u2010Cox proportional hazard modeling were used to assess hazard ratios (HR) associated with overall survival (OS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After exclusion criteria, we identified 825 cases of which 321 (38.9%) were HPV positive. The HPV\u2010positivity rate did not significantly change by year. HPV\u2010positive patients were younger, had lower Charlson\u2010Deyo performance score, and resided in areas with both lower median household income and lower school education completion. HPV\u2010positive tumors presented with lower American Joint Committee on Cancer clinical T\u2010stage (cT), poorer differentiation, lower rates of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), but more node\u2010positive disease (cN+). For those who underwent lymph node surgery, there were no differences in final pathologic stage, upstaging, or presence of extranodal extension. Only tumor differentiation, LVI, and performance score were independent predictors for locally aggressive disease. HPV status was not a predictor of OS (IPTW\u2010HR:0.89, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.13).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the largest series evaluating pSCC based on HPV status, HPV\u2010positive tumors were associated with lower cT stages, less LVI, but more cN\u00a0+\u00a0disease. More studies on prognostic factors are needed, and time may still be immature to use HPV information for risk stratification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:03:16Z","timestamp":1634083396000},"page":"7466-7474","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["National trends and survival outcomes of penile squamous cell carcinoma based on human papillomavirus status"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2603-0382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Chipollini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Pollock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiu\u2010Hsieh","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0317-1118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken","family":"Batai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Recio\u2010Boiles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Arizona Cancer Center Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin R.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 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