{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:08:43Z","timestamp":1788480523001,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,7]],"date-time":"2021-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>A pericardial effusion (PE) has a variable etiology and the primary role is diagnosis of metastatic malignancy. We analyzed the PE cytology in a large cohort in accordance with the international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology (ISRSFC) and evaluated the long\u2010term patient outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>PE specimens from 2010 to 2014 with an available clinical history, cytologic data, and pericardial biopsy results were collected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 574 PE specimens were obtained from 486 patients, representing 1.5% (574\/38,589) of all body fluid specimens. Three hundred and eighty\u2010two (66.6%) cases were \u201cnegative,\u201d 54 (9.4%) cases were \u201catypia of undetermined significance,\u201d 10 (1.7%) cases were \u201csuspicious for malignancy,\u201d and 128 (22.3%) cases were \u201cmalignancy\u201d. The most common origin for malignant PE was the lung (82.1%), in both men (70.5%) and women (50.6%). Breast cancer (20%) in women and gastric cancer (4.9%) in men were the second most common malignant PE, respectively. The mean interval from the occurrence of malignant PE to death was 10.06\u00a0months (range; 0\u2013116.03\u00a0months, median 3.5\u00a0months), and the 1\u2010year survival rate was 16.7%. In addition, the 1\u2010year survival rates after malignant PE onset were 0% for gastric cancer, 13.9% for lung cancer, 19.8% for breast cancer, and 21.1% for the other cancers (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.011).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our present study is the first to our knowledge to classify the pericardial fluid from 574 cases in accordance with the recently published ISRSFC, and to present the long\u2010term outcomes of patients with malignant PE at the same time. Moreover, we report for the first time that it is gastric and not lung cancer patients that have the poorest prognosis after the occurrence of malignant PE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]],"date-time":"2021-11-08T07:46:42Z","timestamp":1636357602000},"page":"8899-8908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Clinico\u2010cytopathologic analysis of 574 Pericardial Effusion Specimens: Application of the international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology (ISRSFC) and long\u2010term clinical follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5891-4329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Jeong","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6783-4016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uiree","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4596-3658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji\u2010Seon","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4911-7774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung\u2010Ja","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5743-0712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gyungyub","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8766-2602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong Mee","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7429-4254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joon Seon","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Cytology of fluids from pleural, peritoneal and pericardial cavities in children. A comprehensive survey","volume":"38","author":"Hallman JR","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850815)56:4<905::AID-CNCR2820560435>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0339(199609)15:3<197::AID-DC5>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.24278"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-017-0867-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(00)00459-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268804003577"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0b013e32833e5788"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21246"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jasc.2020.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"1169","article-title":"Molecular profiling of malignant pleural effusion in metastatic non\u2010small\u2010cell lung carcinoma. The effect of preanalytical factors","volume":"14","author":"Carter J","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000493336"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000477148"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2019-0429-OA"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000327865"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"456","article-title":"Cytologic features and distribution of primary site of malignant cells in body fluids","volume":"24","author":"Kim KH","year":"1990","journal-title":"Korean J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000507311"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21790"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5045\/kjh.2012.47.3.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2010.42.4.210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.24440"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-0059-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.00.745"}],"container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.4408","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cam4.4408","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.4408","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T05:02:43Z","timestamp":1693198963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cam4.4408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,7]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cam4.4408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.4408","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7634","2045-7634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7634","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7634","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}