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Bronchial carcinoid tumors comprise a quarter of all NETs and less than 2% of all lung cancers. Thymic carcinoid tumors are extremely rare, accounting for 5% of thymic tumors. Both bronchial and thymic carcinoid tumors are histologically classified as either typical or atypical based on their mitotic rate (less than 2 or 2\u201310 mitoses per 10 high\u2010powered fields (HPF), respectively). Both bronchial and thymic carcinoids can present with symptoms of obstruction and potentially carcinoid syndrome. The gold standard of management of bronchial and thymic carcinoid tumors is surgical resection. For patients with advanced disease, first\u2010line systemic therapy is generally somatostatin analog monotherapy with octreotide or lanreotide. In patients with refractory disease, therapy generally involves peptide receptor radioligand therapy, everolimus, or cytotoxic chemotherapy. There are ongoing, prospective trials comparing the mainstays of systemic therapy for these patients, as well as ongoing evaluations of immune checkpoint inhibitors and multi\u2010kinase inhibitors. Prognosis for both bronchial and thymic carcinoid tumors depends on histologic grade, local versus invasive disease, and extent of metastases. Herein we provide a summary of the pathophysiologic and clinical background, the current state of the field in diagnosis and management, and note of key ongoing prospective trials for patients with bronchial and thymic carcinoid tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.5564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T06:37:10Z","timestamp":1671777430000},"page":"7893-7903","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Carcinoid tumors outside the abdomen"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kenna","family":"Koehler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology\u2010Oncology Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2109-298X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wade 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