{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T13:57:27Z","timestamp":1776866247818,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Approximately 40% patients of diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphoma (DLBCL) would develop disease recurrence\/progression after first\u2010line R\u2010CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) induction therapy, with highly poor prognosis. An effective strategy to prolong the survival of this patient population is the additional single\u2010drug maintenance therapy. lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug with oral activity, has direct anti\u2010tumor activity and indirect effects mediated by multiple immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as B, T, natural killer (NK), and dendritic cells. Combining its controllable toxicity, it is promising in long\u2010term maintenance therapy. This study aims at evaluating the clinical effect of lenalidomide maintenance therapy in responding DLBCL patients with R\u2010CHOP treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study was devised in DLBCL cases who obtained complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) following 6\u20138\u00a0cycles of R\u2010CHOP treatment between January 1, 2015 and July 31, 2019. Patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0141) included were respectively assigned to receive lenalidomide maintenance treatment (lenalidomide, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a050) and drug\u2010free maintenance treatment (control, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a091) after CR\/PR. lenalidomide was provided orally at 25\u2009mg\/day for 10\u2009days, with a cycle of 21\u2009days and a treatment course of 2\u2009years. Progression\u2010free survival (PFS) was taken as the primary outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the total 141 subjects, the median follow\u2010up time was 30.9\u00a0months (range, 5.7\u201368.9\u00a0months). The 2\u2010year PFS was 84% (95% CI: 74%\u201394%) in the lenalidomide group and 53% (95% CI: 43%\u201363%) in the control group. The median PFS of the lenalidomide group was not reached, and that of the control group was 42.9\u00a0months (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.32; 95% CI: 0.16\u20130.63; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001). No remarkable difference in overall survival (OS) between the two groups was indicated (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.42; 95% CI: 0.16\u20131.12; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.08). Central nervous system (CNS) recurrence happened in 5 patients (5.5%) of the control group, while none of the patients with lenalidomide had CNS recurrence. Additionally, neutropenia and cutaneous reactions were the most common Grade 1\u20132 adverse reactions after lenalidomide treatment, and neutropenia was the most frequent Grade 3\u20134 adverse reaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two\u2010year lenalidomide maintenance treatment can significantly prolong the PFS of DLBCL patients who obtained CR\/PR to first\u2010line R\u2010CHOP treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.5790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T09:49:16Z","timestamp":1678700956000},"page":"10553-10562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["<scp>Real\u2010world<\/scp> data for lenalidomide maintenance in responding patients of diffuse large <scp>B\u2010cell<\/scp> lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6190-0833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Anqing Municipal Hospital Anhui Medical University  Anqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinlu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5521-3519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaiyang","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"},{"name":"Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24086"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djw257"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0785-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv304"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V128.22.4204.4204"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"816","article-title":"Chinese Society of Lymphoma CA\u2010cA. [Chinese guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (2013)]","volume":"34","author":"Chinese Society of Hematology CMA","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15412"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.28.1618"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70078-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70122-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60313-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61040-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.8003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70481-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V120.21.688.688"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.54.9493"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2013.51.5866"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.65.7171"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.34.15_suppl.7506"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.1003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2017.72.6984"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.59.5363"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-11-567792"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2012.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.15.3429"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2010.497886"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.55.5714"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70191-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(18)30131-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.54.8800"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2017.73.2578"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2017014845"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001158"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021004766"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-018-0097-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2012.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.26135"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-2818"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12172"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V128.22.230.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(17)30016-9"}],"container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.5790","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cam4.5790","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.5790","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,4]],"date-time":"2024-05-04T06:59:28Z","timestamp":1714805968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cam4.5790"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cam4.5790"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.5790","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7634","2045-7634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7634","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7634","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-11-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}