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We compared the prevalence of overweight and obesity between \u22655\u2010year ALL survivors from the North American Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) and the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (SCCSS) and described risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included adult childhood ALL survivors diagnosed between 1976 and 1999. We matched CCSS participants (3:1) to SCCSS participants by sex and attained age. We calculated body mass index (BMI) from self\u2010reported height and weight for 1287 CCSS and 429 SCCSS participants; we then compared those with siblings (2034) in North America and Switzerland (678) siblings. We assessed risk factors for overweight (BMI 25\u201329.9\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and obesity (\u226530\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) using multinomial regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found overweight and obesity significantly more common among survivors in North America when compared with survivors in Switzerland [overweight: 30%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 27\u201332 vs. 24%, 21\u201329; obesity: 29%, 27\u201332 vs. 7%, 5\u201310] and siblings (overweight: 30%, 27\u201332 vs. 25%, 22\u201329; obesity: 24%, 22\u201326 vs. 6%, 4\u20138). Survivors in North America [odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20091.24, 1.01\u20131.53] and Switzerland (1.27, 0.74\u20132.21) were slightly more often obese than siblings. Among survivors, risk factors for obesity included residency in North America (5.8, 3.7\u20139.0); male (1.7, 1.3\u20132.3); attained age (\u226545\u2009years: 5.1, 2.4\u201310.8); Non\u2010Hispanic Black (3.4, 1.6\u20137.0); low household income (2.3, 1.4\u20133.5); young age at diagnosis (1.6, 1.1\u20132.2). Cranial radiotherapy \u226518 Gray was only a risk factor for overweight (1.4, 1.0\u20131.8); steroids were not associated with overweight or obesity. Interaction tests found no evidence of difference in risk factors between cohorts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although treatment\u2010related risk for overweight and obesity were similar between regions, higher prevalence among survivors in North America identifies important sociodemographic drivers for informing health policy and targeted intervention trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.6588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T01:04:41Z","timestamp":1697072681000},"page":"20423-20436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Risk factors for overweight and obesity after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in North America and Switzerland: A comparison of two cohort studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0037-4817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabi\u00ebn N.","family":"Belle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisant\u00e9) University of Lausanne  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4511-287X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Schindera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology\/Hematology, University Children's Hospital Basel University of Basel  Basel 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