{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:36:48Z","timestamp":1786977408752,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZIA BC 011343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIA BC 011343"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011475","name":"Cholangiocarcinoma Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011475","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current standard of care for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) is gemcitabine, cisplatin plus anti\u2010PD1\/PD\u2010L1, but response rates are modest. The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of durvalumab (anti\u2010PD\u2010L1) and tremelimumab (anti\u2010CTLA\u20104), with and without an interventional radiology (IR) procedure in advanced BTC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eligible patients with advanced BTC who had received or refused at least one prior line of systemic therapy were treated with tremelimumab and durvalumab for four combined doses followed by monthly durvalumab alone with and without an IR procedure until the progression of disease or unacceptable toxicity. Objective response was assessed through CT or MRI by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST, version 1.1) every 8\u2009weeks. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded and managed. The primary endpoint was 6\u2010month progression\u2010free survival (PFS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty\u2010three patients with advanced BTC were enrolled; 17 patients were assigned to treatment with durvalumab and tremelimumab (Durva\/Treme); and 6 patients were treated with the combination of durvalumab, tremelimumab plus IR procedure (Durva\/Treme + IR). The best clinical responses in the Durva\/Treme arm were partial response (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091), stable disease (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095), progressive disease (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095), and in the Durva\/Treme + IR arm: partial response (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090), stable disease (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093), progressive disease (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093). The median PFS was 2.2\u2009months (95% CI: 1.3\u20133.1\u2009months) in the Durva\/Treme arm and 2.9\u2009months (95% CI: 1.9\u20134.7\u2009months) in the Durva\/Treme + IR arm (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.27). The median OS was 5.1\u2009months (95% CI: 2.5\u20136.9\u2009months) in the Durva\/Treme arm and 5.8\u2009months (95% CI: 2.9\u201340.1\u2009months) in the Durva\/Treme + IR arm (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.31). The majority of AEs were grades 1\u20132.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Durva\/Treme and Durva\/Treme + IR showed similar efficacy. With a manageable safety profile. Larger studies are needed to fully characterize the efficacy of Durva\/Treme \u00b1 IR in advanced BTC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.6912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T07:44:55Z","timestamp":1704959095000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Combined immune checkpoint inhibition with durvalumab and tremelimumab with and without radiofrequency ablation in patients with advanced biliary tract carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5558-2744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Monge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrointestinal Malignancies Section, Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland 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