{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T08:05:24Z","timestamp":1753862724531,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]],"date-time":"2024-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with myelodysplasia\u2010related characteristics is a heterogeneous subset of AML that has been challenged throughout the history of myeloid malignancies classifications, considered to have similar outcomes as intermediate\u2010 or adverse\u2010risk AML depending on the subgroup. However, little is known about the fate of these patients in refractory or relapsed situation (R\/R) after first line therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A large series of R\/R AML patients, recorded in the French DATAML registry, have received either intensive chemotherapy (ICT), azacitidine (AZA) as single agent, or best supportive care (BSC). A cohort of 183 patients (median age 63\u2010year\u2010old) with what was called at the time AML\u2010MRC has been explored, and data are reported here.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient status was refractory for 93, while 90 had relapsed. Respectively, 88, 34, and 61 were included in the three treatment arms. The median OS of the whole cohort was 4.2\u2009months (95%CI: 3.1\u20135.6) with a mean 1\u2010year overall survival of 24%\u2009\u00b1\u20093.2%. There was no significant survival difference between refractory and relapsed patients. The BSC group had overall a significantly worse outcome (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0001), and this remained true in both refractory (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01) and relapsed (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) patients. Similar survivals were observed in both groups comparing ICT and AZA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data, reporting about an ill\u2010explored population, indicate the poor prognosis of this condition where both ICT and AZA can be proposed. The latter, which was demonstrated here to be a feasible option, should be added to new targeted therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.7003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]],"date-time":"2024-02-24T09:29:37Z","timestamp":1708766977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dismal outcome of refractory or relapsing patients with myelodysplasia\u2010related acute myeloid leukemia partially alleviated by intensive chemotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Harmony","family":"Leroy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Bordeaux, Service d'H\u00e9matologie Clinique et de Th\u00e9rapie Cellulaire  Bordeaux France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"No\u00e9mie","family":"Gadaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d'H\u00e9matologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse 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