{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T21:05:39Z","timestamp":1784581539138,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2406305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2406305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82274034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82274034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>An effective urine\u2010based method for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) has not yet been developed. Urine cell\u2010free DNA (cfDNA) carrying cancer\u2010specific genetic and epigenetic aberrations may enable a noninvasive \u201cliquid biopsy\u201d for diagnosis and monitoring of cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We first identified MM\u2010specific hydroxymethylcytosine signatures by comparing 64\u2009MM patients, 23 amyloidosis (AM) patients and 59 healthy cohort. Then, we applied a machine learning algorithm to develop diagnostic and differential diagnosis model. Finally, the prognosis of MM patients was predicted based on their survival time at the last follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 11 5hmC markers using logistic regression algorithm could effectively diagnosis MM (AUC\u2009=\u20090.902), and achieved 85.00% specificity and 85.71% sensitivity. These 11 markers could also effectively differential diagnosis MM (AUC\u2009=\u20090.805) with 88.89% specificity and 73.08% sensitivity. In addition, the prognostic prediction model also effectively predicted the prognosis of patients with MM (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), of which 4 differential markers (<jats:italic>RAPGEF2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>BRD1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TET2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TRAF3IP2<\/jats:italic>) could independently predict the prognosis of MM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Together, our findings showed the value of urine cfDNA hydroxymethylcytosine markers in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognosis of MM. Meantime, our study provides a promising and completely non\u2010invasive method for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognosis prediction of MM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T10:02:04Z","timestamp":1734948124000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["5\u2010Hydroxymethylcytosine Profiles of <scp>cfDNA<\/scp> in Urine as Diagnostic, Differential Diagnosis and Prognostic Markers for Multiple Myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1569-5346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiwei","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Peking University First Hospital  Beijing People's Republic of 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