{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T15:39:51Z","timestamp":1782401991644,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Near\u2010infrared autofluorescence imaging (NIFI) can be used to identify parathyroid gland (PG) during surgery. The purpose of the study is to establish a new model, help surgeons better identify, and protect PGs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five hundred and twenty three NIFI images were selected. The PGs were recorded by NIFI and marked with artificial intelligence (AI) model. The recognition rate for PGs was calculated. Analyze the differences between surgeons of different years of experience and AI recognition, and evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy of AI model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our model achieved 83.5% precision and 57.8% recall in the internal validation set. The visual recognition rate of AI model was 85.2% and 82.4% on internal and external sets. The PG recognition rate of AI model is higher than that of junior surgeons (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This AI model will help surgeons identify PGs, and develop their learning ability and self\u2010confidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.7065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]],"date-time":"2024-03-08T16:00:10Z","timestamp":1709913610000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An automatic parathyroid recognition and segmentation model based on deep learning of near\u2010infrared autofluorescence imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6523-5439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thyroid Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thyroid Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianzhao","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thyroid Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bomin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thyroid Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hangzhou","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thyroid Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youben","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thyroid Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuehai","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thyroid Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-021-02663-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-018-6364-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2022.07.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.701253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2019.4613"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2018.12.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2019.04.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","article-title":"U\u2010net: convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation. 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