{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T16:08:15Z","timestamp":1791648495547,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81903398"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81903398"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023NSFSC1927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC1927"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increasing evidence connects gallstone disease (GSD) to all types of cancer incidence; however, the results were inconsistent. The present study aimed to evaluate whether and to what extent these associations exist comprehensively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched published longitudinal studies indexed in PubMed and Embase database from dates of inception to March 31, 2020. We pooled the effect of GSD on all\u2010cause cancer incidence. Moreover, we further employed stratified analysis concerning sex, geographic background, surgery status, and follow\u2010up period. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was applied to decide whether the included sample size was sufficient for evaluating these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty\u2010one studies incorporating over 13 million participants were eligible for analysis in this study. GSD pose an increased risk of all\u2010cause cancer risk (pooled RR\u2009=\u20091.43; 95% CI: 1.33\u20131.54) compared with the healthy controls, especially hematologic malignancy (pooled RR\u2009=\u20091.14; 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.25), gastrointestinal cancers (pooled RR\u2009=\u20091.28; 95% CI: 1.15\u20131.41), liver, pancreas, and biliary tract cancer (pooled RR\u2009=\u20091.84; 95% CI: 1.62\u20132.10), and kidney cancer (pooled RR\u2009=\u20091.19; 95% CI: 1.03\u20131.37). These associations are not markedly changed after stratification by different subgroups. Moreover, the TSA confirmed the sample size was sufficient to draw these conclusive conclusions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present meta\u2010analysis with sufficient evidence indicates GSD increases the risk for all causes of cancer incidence. The evidence may warrant GSD patients to perform screening and prophylactic treatment for the prevention of these complications. The indication for cholecystectomy should be determined through a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's clinical presentation, with a thorough assessment of the potential therapeutic benefits and surgical risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T05:21:46Z","timestamp":1745558506000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Associations Between Gallstone Disease and Pan\u2010Cancer Incidence Risk Based on Over 13 Million Participants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Wenqian","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu P. R. China"},{"name":"West China\u2010PUMC C. C. 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu P. R. China"},{"name":"West China\u2010PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu P. R. China"},{"name":"West China\u2010PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu P. R. 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