{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:42:42Z","timestamp":1790167362221,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aging in humans is a heterogeneous process influenced by both biological and chronological factors. Biological age reflects an individual's physiological reserve and functional status. Increasing evidence suggests that cancer and its therapies accelerate biological aging. Many biomarkers have been evaluated to assess the biological age of patients with cancer. These biomarkers are emerging as potential tools to predict cancer\u2010related toxicity and an individual's functional capacity as well as to individualize treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review summarizes the current literature on aging biomarkers in cancer patients, with a focus on markers of cellular senescence and epigenetic modification. We evaluate the existing evidence supporting their use as predictors of toxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiation therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biomarkers such as interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106), leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and DNA methylation age show potential for assessing biological age, frailty, and functional reserve. The expression of p16INK4A has demonstrated promise in predicting therapy\u2010induced toxicity and making treating decisions. However, additional confirmatory studies are necessary to further validate these biomarkers before they can be utilized as decision aids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aging biomarkers hold promise for individualizing cancer therapy and predicting treatment\u2010related toxicity. However, further studies are essential to validate their reliability and support their integration into clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T05:33:39Z","timestamp":1746423219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Accelerated Aging in Cancer and Cancer Treatment: Current Status of Biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1596-258X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soniya","family":"Abraham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Yale\u2010New Haven Health Bridgeport Hospital  Bridgeport Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Parekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Yale\u2010New Haven Health Bridgeport Hospital  Bridgeport Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seohyuk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine Yale University  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Humayra","family":"Afrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine Yale University  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariya","family":"Rozenblit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine Yale University  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim R. M.","family":"Blenman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine Yale University  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel J.","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular &amp; Molecular Physiology Yale School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leah M.","family":"Ferrucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Public Health Yale Cancer Center  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine Yale University  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melinda L.","family":"Irwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Public Health Yale Cancer Center  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8559-5645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Lustberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine Yale University  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djz136"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.003"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","first-page":"977","article-title":"Biomarkers of Aging and Relevant Evaluation Techniques: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"15","author":"Tao X.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging and Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.10692.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.17461"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgo.2020.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-022-01311-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.23296"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa060185"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30800-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14694\/EdBook_AM.2014.34.e423"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2020.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2233"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-020-05541-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21565"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21708"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-0729"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0559"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.02063"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.26646"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","first-page":"4947","article-title":"Prospective Comparison of the Value of CRASH and CARG Toxicity Scores in Predicting Chemotherapy Toxicity in Geriatric Oncology","volume":"18","author":"Zhang J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncology Letters"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.78.8687"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3810\/hp.2010.06.306"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs285"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.55.4261"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.08.029"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","article-title":"Effects of Breast Cancer Adjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens on Expression of the Aging Biomarker","volume":"4","author":"Shachar S. 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