{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:31:48Z","timestamp":1782934308167,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients, particularly in relation to early relapse and prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysis included clinical data from 70 NDMM patients, with Tregs measured at diagnosis. Early relapse was defined as relapse within 18\u2009months (ER18), and posttransplant survival extending beyond 12\u2009months. Functional high risk (FHR) was evaluated based on this criterion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For the overall cohort, the median progression\u2010free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were not reached, but in the ER18 cohort, median OS was 24.8\u2009months and median PFS was 10.8\u2009months. Key factors linked to early relapse included elevated serum creatinine levels (&gt;\u2009156\u2009\u03bcmol\/L), presence of extramedullary disease, and lower percentage of Tregs at diagnosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that extramedullary disease and lower percentage of Tregs were significant predictors of early relapse. Factors such as age, elevated creatinine, extramedullary disease, and lower percentage of Tregs were associated with poorer PFS. Further analysis confirmed that extramedullary lesions, elevated creatinine, and lower percentage of Tregs significantly influenced PFS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, Tregs at diagnosis were found to be important for predicting early relapse and progression\u2010free survival, highlighting their potential as a biomarker for functional high risk in multiple myeloma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T07:53:25Z","timestamp":1748937205000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Tregs at Diagnosis as a Potential Biomarker for Predicting High\u2010Risk Functionality in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0022-0567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiaolin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Mianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6731-1116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Mianyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6994-9025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine 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