{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T23:24:44Z","timestamp":1788477884716,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764460800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers and many patients will experience long\u2010term survival. Non\u2010urothelial second primary cancers (SPC) relatively frequently occur in the population of BC survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Czech National Cancer Registry was the principal data source for this study. The risk of development of non\u2010urothelial SPC after BC was assessed by the standardized incidence ratio (SIR). The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was utilized to determine the risk of death from SPC following BC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the total of 61,314 patients with BC, a cohort of 12,645 survivors diagnosed with a SPC were analyzed. Compared to the general population, the SIR of neoplasia was significantly increased in BC survivors, with a SIR of 1.75 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.72\u20131.78) for all cancers, especially during the first 5\u2009years after BC diagnosis. The SMR was increased in BC survivors (1.25; 95% CI 1.21\u20131.29) for all cancers. Lung cancer frequently occurred as a SPC and was associated with high mortality in BC survivors. BC survivors also had a higher risk of laryngeal cancer and other cancers known to be strongly associated with smoking, but also of soft tissue tumors, colorectal cancer, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and thyroid cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present large registry\u2010based study shows that BC survivors have a significantly higher risk of being diagnosed with another primary cancer compared to the general population, especially during the first 5\u2009years after BC diagnosis. In addition to smoking\u2010related cancers, increased incidence of some cancers not known to be associated with smoking was observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.71427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T07:25:33Z","timestamp":1764573933000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Second Primary Cancer After Bladder Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis of a National Cancer Registry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6667-994X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Buchler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Motol University Hospital  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Pehalova Kusova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University  Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Pirshtuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Motol University Hospital  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Muzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University  Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Babjuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Motol University Hospital  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ladislav","family":"Dusek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University  Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Global Cancer Observatory [Internet]","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1142"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.11548"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365599.2011.562234"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Risk of Second Primary Cancers After Urinary Bladder Cancer: An Analysis of The Netherlands Cancer Registry","volume":"56","author":"Ploeg M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Diagnostic Prognostic Aspects"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.56.8220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2354.2011.01315.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.2016.57.5.330"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13351"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4530-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","unstructured":"\u201cInternational Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision [Internet] \u201dhttps:\/\/icd.who.int\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"\u201cCzech Statistical Office: Statistical Yearbook of The Czech Republic\u20142021 [Internet] \u201dhttps:\/\/www.czso.cz\/csu\/czso\/statistical\u2010yearbook\u2010of\u2010the\u2010czech\u2010republic\u2010rtnih2q42g."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197710)40:4 <1892::AID-CNCR2820400820>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Statistical Methods in Cancer Research. Volume II\u2014The Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies","volume":"82","author":"Breslow N. 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