{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:34:20Z","timestamp":1777890860954,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82172720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172720"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82403791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82403791"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82573453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82573453"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018537","name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024ZD0525902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZD0525902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2024QH459"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2024QH459"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009812","name":"Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Y\u20102022HER2AZMS\u20100291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y\u20102022HER2AZMS\u20100291"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009812","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comparisons among treatment strategies for potentially resectable Stage III\u2013N2 driver gene\u2013negative non\u2013small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain limited. We evaluated three treatment strategies\u2014neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy followed by surgery (NCIT+surgery), NCIT followed by chemoradiotherapy (NCIT+CRT), and definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by immunotherapy (CRT\u2009+\u2009IT)\u2014to investigate whether CRT could represent a feasible option to surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with Stage III\u2013N2 NSCLC from two institutions (2019\u20132024) were retrospectively enrolled. Primary endpoints were progression\u2010free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Subgroup analyses included metastatic N2 lymph node status, stage, programmed death ligand 1 expression, radiographic response to NCIT, and adjuvant or consolidation immunotherapy after surgery or CRT. Baseline differences were balanced 1:1 by propensity score matching (PSM). Survival was estimated by the Kaplan\u2013Meier method and compared via the log\u2010rank test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 363 patients were included: NCIT+Surgery (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009176), NCIT+CRT (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200955), and CRT\u2009+\u2009IT (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009132). The median follow\u2010up time was 31.5\u2009months. Before and after PSM, PFS, and OS were longer in NCIT+Surgery than in CRT\u2009+\u2009IT, whereas no significant difference was observed between NCIT+Surgery and NCIT+CRT. Subgroup analysis showed that survival did not differ significantly between NCIT+Surgery and CRT\u2009+\u2009IT in patients with multistation or bulky N2 metastasis, whereas CRT\u2009+\u2009IT was associated with inferior PFS and OS in patients without these features.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Survival did not differ significantly between CRT and surgery after NCIT, nor between CRT\u2009+\u2009IT and NCIT + Surgery among patients with multistation or bulky N2 disease. Whether CRT can serve as an alternative to surgery in this population requires validation in large\u2010scale prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.71696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T19:25:41Z","timestamp":1772997941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploratory Investigation Into Perioperative Treatment Strategies for Potentially Resectable Stage\n                    <scp>III<\/scp>\n                    \u2013\n                    <scp>N2<\/scp>\n                    Driver Gene\u2013Negative Non\u2013Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Immunotherapy Era"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jiarui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baiyang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingpeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"},{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine Shandong Second Medical University  Weifang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaiyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"},{"name":"Shandong University Cancer Center Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3349-337X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Menglin","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1130-8447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoxin","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences  Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.684070"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2202170"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2304875"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01756-2"},{"issue":"15","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Checkmate 77T: A Phase III Trial of Neoadjuvant Nivolumab (NIVO) Plus Chemotherapy (Chemo) Followed by Adjuvant Nivo in Resectable Early\u2010Stage NSCLC","volume":"38","author":"Cascone T.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical 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