{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:15:37Z","timestamp":1791245737293,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA016672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The high mortality of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) underscores the need for novel treatments. We investigated the potential role of human biofield therapy (BT) in modifying tumorigenic processes in murine and human PDAC cells through a series of in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cell viability and ultrastructure changes were examined by PrestoBlue assay and Transmission Electron Microscope, respectively. Cell voltage potentials were assessed using DiBAC4 staining. Both FOXM1 CRISPR KO and Tet\u2010on FOXM1 overexpressing PDAC cells were used for the mechanistic studies. Antitumor efficacy was tested in orthotopic models using human PANC\u20101 and mouse KPCY cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Multiple mouse and human PDAC cell lines exposed to BT (three different therapists using a standardized procedure) showed significantly reduced proliferation compared to sham control (SC) and incubator control (IC) cells across multiple studies. BT induced swollen mitochondria in PANC\u20101 cells and increased G1 cell cycle arrest in PANC\u20101, L3.7, and COLO357 cells. BT also downregulated key cell cycle regulators including FOXM1 in PANC\u20101 and L3.7 cells (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). BT led to a 36.7% reduction of cell voltage potential measured in PANC\u20101 cells (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), with similar effects in MiaPaCa\u20102 and KPCY cells. Furthermore, BT reduced the invasiveness in PANC\u20101, L3.7, and COLO357 cells, an effect influenced by FOXM1 gene expression. BT inhibited the primary tumor growth and liver metastasis of PANC\u20101 and KPCY cells in orthotopic mouse models (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These novel findings support the potential of BT to influence\u00a0growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells and warrant further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.71726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T08:01:41Z","timestamp":1776067301000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Preclinical Effects and Mechanisms of Biofield Therapy on Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth and Metastasis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Peiying","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daoyan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharmistha","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuong","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Cusimano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Defeng","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shafaqmuhammad","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianliang","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihai","family":"Gagea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yisheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ags3.12225"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.11.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0005-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14740\/wjon1166"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21706"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Center (NCCN) \u201cNCCN Guidelines for Patients: Survivorship Care for Cancer\u2010Related Late and Long\u2010Term Effects 2020 \u201dNational Comprehensive Cancer Center (NCCN).2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.01357"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2012.1502"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"58","article-title":"Clinical Studies of Biofield Therapies: Summary, Methodological Challenges, and Recommendations","volume":"4","author":"Jain S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Global Advances in Integrative Medicine and Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2010.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.26345"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jgf2.606"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/926565"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735419840797"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735420940398"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-79617-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"353","article-title":"The Effect of the \u201cLaying\u2010On of Hands\u201d on Tranplanted Breast Cancer in Mice","volume":"14","author":"Bengston V. F.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Scientific Exploration"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2007.6300"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-3102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-2407"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2007.6403"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41444-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0335-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10243"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10092177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.114.220335"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","first-page":"459","article-title":"Measuring Resting Membrane Potential Using the Fluorescent Voltage Reporters DiBAC4(3) and CC2\u2010DMPE","volume":"2012","author":"Adams D. S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Protocols"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","article-title":"Endogenous Voltage Potentials and the Microenvironment: Bioelectric Signals That Reveal, Induce and Normalize Cancer","volume":"1","author":"Chernet B.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical & Experimental Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.1935"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.07.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001574-200009000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2014.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.04.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.8.20.9628"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2009.239"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.01657"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.252570299"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.24.10875-10894.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2223"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2011.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2014.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-12-159"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.626836"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-2311"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3909"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-3859"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.04277"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204394"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2020.1727888"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6165"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-18-0709"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.696532"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115873"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","first-page":"595","article-title":"Transmembrane Voltage Potential Is an Essential Cellular Parameter for the Detection and Control of Tumor Development in a Xenopus Model","volume":"6","author":"Chernet B. T.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Disease Models & Mechanisms"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e13-12-0708"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-0327"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00044.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-5193(71)90042-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00018.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1478-3975\/9\/6\/065002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells3020500"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.909968"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2018.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10051021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207450212025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-6131.98238"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.06.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124136"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09553000903419932"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2013.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijengsci.2005.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072944"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","first-page":"339","article-title":"Effect of Magnetic Fields on Tumor Growth and Viability","volume":"61","author":"Tatarov I.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comparative Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.18718"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-018-2768-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO-25-00746"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphys2474"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abl5855"}],"container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.71726","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cam4.71726","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.71726","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T05:07:13Z","timestamp":1777007233000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cam4.71726"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cam4.71726"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.71726","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7634","2045-7634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7634","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7634","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71726"}}