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However, the effect of chidamide plus envafolimab has not been reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of chidamide plus envafolimab in advanced NSCLC patients resistant toanti\u2010PD\u20101 treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eligible advanced NSCLC patients after resistant to anti\u2010PD\u20101 therapy received chidamide and envafolimab. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). The secondary end points included disease control rate (DCR), progression\u2010free survival (PFS), and safety. The expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), PD\u2010L1, and blood TMB (bTMB) was also analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After a median follow\u2010up of 8.1 (range: 7.6\u20139.2) months, only two patients achieved partial response. The ORR was 6.7% (2\/30), DCR was 50% (15\/30), and median PFS (mPFS) was 3.5 (95% confidence interval: 1.9\u20135.5) months. Biomarker analysis revealed that patients with high\u2010level HDAC2 expression had numerically superior ORR (4.3% vs. 0), DCR (52.2% vs. 0) and mPFS (3.7 vs. 1.4m). Patients with negative PD\u2010L1 had numerically superior DCR (52.2% vs. 33.3%) and mPFS (3.7m vs. 1.8m), so were those with low\u2010level bTMB (DCR: 59.1% vs. 16.7%, mPFS: 3.8 vs.1.9m). Overall safety was controllable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High HDAC2patients showed better ORR, DCR, and PFS. In addition, patient with negative PD\u2010L1 and low\u2010level bTMB had better DCR and PFS. This may be related to the epigenetic function of chidamide. However, the sample size was not big enough, so it is necessary to increase sample size to confirm the conclusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combination of chidamide and envafolimab showed efficacy signals in certain NSCLC patients. But further identification of beneficial population is necessary for precision treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.7175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T05:19:44Z","timestamp":1712726384000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Chidamide plus envafolimab as subsequent treatment in advanced non\u2010small cell lung cancer patients resistant to anti\u2010PD\u20101 therapy: A multicohort, open\u2010label, phase II trial with biomarker analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yaxiong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat\u2010sen University Cancer Center  Guangzhou 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