{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T10:10:34Z","timestamp":1784196634297,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conventional diagnostic strategies for prostate cancer (PCa) are hindered by suboptimal specificity, frequently resulting in overdiagnosis and unnecessary invasive biopsies. We developed an integrative diagnostic framework based on transcriptomic signatures from tRNA\u2010derived fragments (tRFs), target genes, and lactylation\u2010related genes (LRGs), two emerging regulators linked to PCa progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bulk RNA\u2010seq data from TCGA\u2010PCa (499 tumors, 52 normals) and five independent GEO cohorts were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using edgeR and subsequently assessed for functional enrichment. Candidate markers were obtained by intersecting DEGs with predicted tRFs targets and curated LRGs. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model was trained and validated across external cohorts. RT\u2010qPCR performed clinical confirmation in 30 prostate tissue samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eleven genes overlapped among DEGs, tRF targets, and LRGs, and a seven\u2010gene diagnostic signature (CSRP1, HMGN4, CALM1, NEFL, MSN, MKI67, ARID3A) was established. The model showed robust performance across all validation datasets, with AUC values of 0.728\u20130.904, exceeding those of prostate\u2010specific antigen (PSA) testing. RT\u2010qPCR supported significant dysregulation of five signature genes in clinical samples, notably decreased NEFL and increased MKI67. Decision curve analysis (DCA) suggested the model could reduce unnecessary biopsies by about 30% at commonly used clinical thresholds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This integrative model, incorporating tRFs\u2010associated targets and lactylation\u2010related signatures, demonstrates superior PCa detection accuracy compared to conventional PSA testing. The seven\u2010gene signature offers a biologically informed, clinically applicable tool to improve early diagnosis while potentially reducing unnecessary biopsies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.71892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T03:56:46Z","timestamp":1780631806000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrative Transcriptomic Signature of\n                    <scp>tRNA<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Derived Fragment Targets and Lactylation\u2010Related Genes for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University Yangzhou University  Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxue","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University Yangzhou University  Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bixi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University Yangzhou University  Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University Yangzhou University  Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University Yangzhou University  Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, The\u00a0Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University Yangzhou University  Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21871"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-021-00442-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2023.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2024.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-023-01742-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01079-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15579883221135970"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13010055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Combinatorial Analysis of miRNAs and tRNA Fragments as Potential Biomarkers for Cancer Patients in Liquid Biopsies. 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