{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T11:05:42Z","timestamp":1784199942872,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470198"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470198"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is a rare and aggressive complication of multiple myeloma (MM), with limited data on its clinical characteristics and prognosis. This multicenter study characterizes the largest Chinese cohort of MM patients with CNS involvement (MM\u2010CNS) to date.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a multicenter retrospective study across nine hematology centers in China (July 2017\u2013June 2024), analyzing clinical records of MM\u2010CNS patients. Data collection encompassed diagnostic parameters, treatment regimens, and survival outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 35 identified MM\u2010CNS cases (median age 55\u2009years, range 40\u201383), CNS manifestations presented at initial MM diagnosis in 31.4% (11\/35) versus relapse in 68.6% (24\/35), with median latency of 22.8\u2009months from MM diagnosis. Predominant features included IgG subtype (51.4%),\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic>\n                      light chain restriction (54.3%), and high\u2010risk cytogenetics: 1q21 amplification (48.3%), t(4;14) translocation (13.8%), and complex karyotypes of chromosome (35.7%). Diagnostic confirmation combined CSF analysis (protein elevation, plasma cell detection) with neuroimaging (meningeal\/parenchymal lesions). Treatments included systemic chemotherapy (88.6%), intrathecal therapy (51.4%), radiotherapy (17.1%), chimeric antigen receptor T\u2010cell (CAR\u2010T) therapy (11.4%), and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) (14.3%). Despite 62.9% overall response rate (36.4% complete remission), 56% relapsed within median 3.1 months (range 1.2\u20138.4). The median follow\u2010up duration was 19.1\u2009months (range: 0.1\u201346.8). Median overall survival (OS) at 13.0\u2009months (range 0.1\u201343.1) with 60% mortality (21\/35).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CNS involvement in MM is associated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis. Despite transient responses to multimodal therapies, rapid progression and high mortality persist. Novel strategies are urgently needed to improve outcomes in this high\u2010risk population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.71986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T05:04:33Z","timestamp":1779944673000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Prognosis of Central Nervous System Involvement in Multiple Myeloma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study From China"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9818-2006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Myeloma Research Center of Beijing Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital  DaTong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital  DaTong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guorong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Linfen People's Hospital  Linfen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenfang","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Linfen People's Hospital  Linfen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2903-8059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan 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