{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T13:19:07Z","timestamp":1787663947066,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to evaluate perioperative changes in peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cell activity (ACT) in patients with breast cancer and to investigate the relationship between NK activity and clinicopathological characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A single\u2010center retrospective cohort including 34 female patients with available preoperative and postoperative NK activity measurements was analyzed. Clinical and pathological variables were obtained from medical records. NK activity levels at two time points were compared, and the association between NK activity difference and age, tumor size, TNM stage, hormone receptor status, HER2 expression, Ki\u201067 index, number of metastatic lymph nodes, and serum tumor markers was assessed. NK cell activity was assessed using the NK Vue assay (ATgen, Seongnam, Republic of Korea), a whole\u2010blood stimulation assay based on interferon\u2010gamma (IFN\u2010\u03b3) release.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Postoperative NK activity significantly increased compared with preoperative levels (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.041). However, the change in NK activity was not significantly associated with tumor stage, lymph node involvement, tumor size, proliferation index, receptor status, HER2 expression, metastatic lymph node count, or serum tumor markers (all\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009>\u20090.05). The overall metastatic rate during follow\u2010up was low.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Surgical treatment appears to exert a favorable effect on peripheral NK cell activity in breast cancer. The absence of a clear correlation between NK activity changes and clinicopathological parameters suggests that NK responses may reflect an individualized immunologic capacity rather than tumor\u2010specific features. Larger prospective studies integrating NK cell subsets and functional phenotyping are required to better define the prognostic and predictive value of NK cell activity in breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.72190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T05:04:41Z","timestamp":1786683881000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perioperative Changes in Peripheral Natural Killer Cell Activity and Their Association With Clinicopathological Features in Breast Cancer: A Single\u2010Center Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2842-2841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Ali","family":"Melik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery SANKO University Hospital Gaziantep T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alper","family":"Aytekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Gaziantep University Gaziantep T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhsin","family":"El\u00e7i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Private West Hospital Diyarbak\u0131r T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ersin","family":"Borazan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery SANKO University Hospital Gaziantep T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.108803"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21860\/medflum2022_275128"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1437193"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI143762"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5306\/wjco.v11.i7.464"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"e307","article-title":"Prognostic Value of Natural Killer Cells Besides Tumor\u2010Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast Cancer Tissues","volume":"21","author":"Bouzidi L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Breast Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-025-02182-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262110357"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1460607"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","article-title":"The Role of NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"13","author":"Morcillo\u2010Mart\u00edn\u2010Romo P.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1200282"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1482.77110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0535-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","article-title":"Circulating Natural Killer Cells and Their Association With Breast Cancer and Its Clinico\u2010Pathological Characteristics","volume":"17","author":"N'Da Marcelin H.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecancermedicalscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2017.1284718"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","article-title":"Natural Killer Cells at the Frontline of the Tumor\u2013Immune Microenvironment in Solid Malignancies","volume":"15","author":"Co\u00ebnon L.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death & Disease"}],"container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.72190","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cam4.72190","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cam4.72190","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T12:26:19Z","timestamp":1787660779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cam4.72190"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cam4.72190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.72190","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7634","2045-7634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7634","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7634","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e72190"}}