{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:51:27Z","timestamp":1791348687179,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025J011193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025J011193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non\u2010pathological complete response (non\u2010pCR) is common in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients after neoadjuvant therapy, yet evidence guiding long\u2010term outcomes and postoperative risk stratification in the immunotherapy era remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively enrolled consecutive ESCC patients treated with neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) or chemotherapy alone (nCT) followed by esophagectomy and restricted analyses to non\u2010pCR cases. Primary endpoints were five\u2010year overall survival (OS) and event\u2010free survival (EFS). A 1:1 optimal propensity score matching (PSM) procedure and administrative censoring at 60\u2009months were applied. Survival outcomes were assessed using Kaplan\u2013Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 366 patients with non\u2010pCR disease, 164 matched pairs were generated. After matching, nICT demonstrated a higher major pathological response (MPR) rate (19.5% vs. 6.1%), a lower ypT4 proportion (3.7% vs. 22.0%), and fewer recurrence\/metastasis rate (40.2% vs. 58.5%), all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001. In the matched multivariable Cox model, nICT was independently associated with a lower risk of EFS events (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36\u20130.84;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005), whereas no independent association with OS was observed (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.70\u20131.27;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.707). Open esophagectomy (OE), ypN2\u20103 disease, and perineural invasion (PNI) were associated with worse EFS, whereas lower Ki\u201067 expression and postoperative adjuvant treatment were associated with better EFS. PNI was associated with worse OS, and postoperative adjuvant treatment was associated with better OS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among non\u2010pCR ESCC patients after neoadjuvant therapy and surgery, nICT was associated with lower recurrence risk and improved five\u2010year EFS compared with nCT, whereas a significant OS advantage was not observed. Pathological factors (PNI, high Ki\u201067, and residual nodal burden) and postoperative treatment may help inform risk stratification, although the observational treatment associations should be interpreted cautiously.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.72260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:29:45Z","timestamp":1791347385000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Five\u2010Year Survival Analyses on Non\u2010Pathological Complete Response Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients After Neoadjuvant Regimens Plus Surgery: A Propensity Score Matching, Real\u2010World Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3572-7039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weibin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery Clinical 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