{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:55:48Z","timestamp":1791262548386,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Breast cancer incidence varies by race, stage at diagnosis, and molecular subtype. However, these patterns are often obscured in overall estimates, particularly in high\u2010burden settings. This study examined incidence trends overall and by race, stage at diagnosis, and molecular subtype among women in Mississippi.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used population\u2010based data from the Mississippi Cancer Registry, including Black and White women aged \u2265\u200918\u2009years diagnosed with primary breast cancer from 2010 to 2019. Age\u2010adjusted incidence rates (IRs) per 100,000 population were standardized to the 2000 United States standard population. Trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression estimating average annual percent changes (AAPCs) and annual percent changes (APCs). Multivariable Poisson regression estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 21,130 women (64.4% White; 35.6% Black), the overall age\u2010adjusted IR was 166.0 per 100,000 with no significant change over time (AAPC\u2009=\u20090.48%; 95% CI: \u22120.27 to 1.24). Black women had higher incidence than White women (178.0 vs. 159.1). Among White women, incidence increased modestly (AAPC\u2009=\u20090.60%; 95% CI: 0.06\u20131.13). Trends among Black women were not significant overall (AAPC\u2009=\u20090.36%; 95% CI: \u22120.25 to 1.04) but increased from 2014 to 2019 (APC\u2009=\u20091.95%; 95% CI: 0.77\u20134.26) after an initial decline. Localized\u2010stage incidence increased in both groups, while Black women had higher regional\u2010 and distant\u2010stage incidence. In adjusted models, Black women had higher incidence of HER2\u2010overexpressing (IRR\u2009=\u20091.55; 95% CI: 1.15\u20132.10) and triple\u2010negative cancer (IRR\u2009=\u20092.35; 95% CI: 1.74\u20133.17) than White women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall incidence remained stable, but substantial heterogeneity across subgroups underscores the need for stratified surveillance and equity\u2010focused cancer control strategies in high\u2010burden settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.72294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T04:42:27Z","timestamp":1789792947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Persistent Racial Disparities in Breast Cancer Incidence by Stage and Subtype in a High\u2010Burden State"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1754-9883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rifath Ara Alam","family":"Barsha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Science Department, John D. Bower School of Population Health University of Mississippi Medical Center  Jackson Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8661-733X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmine","family":"Miller\u2010Kleinhenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Science Department, John D. Bower School of Population Health University of Mississippi Medical Center  Jackson Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"American Cancer Society \u201cKey Statistics for Breast Cancer \u201daccessed August 20 2025 https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/types\/breast\u2010cancer\/about\/how\u2010common\u2010is\u2010breast\u2010cancer.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute \u201cCancer Stat Facts: Female Breast Cancer \u201daccessed March 25 2026 https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/statfacts\/html\/breast.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36255\/exon-publications-breast-cancer-subtypes"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549\u2010021\u201006311\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35021093"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute \u201cCancer Stat Facts: Female Breast Cancer Subtypes \u201dhttps:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/statfacts\/html\/breast\u2010subtypes.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31638"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","unstructured":"American Cancer Society \u201cBreast Cancer Incidence Still Rises and Death Rate Still Declines \u201dhttps:\/\/www.cancer.org\/research\/acs\u2010research\u2010news\/breast\u2010cancer\u2010incidence\u2010still\u2010rises\u2010and\u2010death\u2010rate\u2010still\u2010declines.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention \u201cCancer and African American People \u201dhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/cancer\/health\u2010equity\/african\u2010american.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","unstructured":"Mississippi State Department of Health \u201cFemale Breast Cancer in Mississippi 2016\u20132020 \u201daccessed August 20 2025 https:\/\/msdh.ms.gov\/msdhsite\/index.cfm\/43 20688 292 1070 pdf\/Breast_cancer_facts_2016\u20102020.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","unstructured":"American Cancer Society \u201cExplore Cancer Statistics \u201dhttps:\/\/cancerstatisticscenter.cancer.org\/#!\/cancer\u2010site\/Breast."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","unstructured":"Mississippi Cancer Registry \u201cAge\u2010Adjusted Cancer Incidence Rates by County in Mississippi Female Breast Cancer \u201daccessed February 10 2025 https:\/\/www.cancer\u2010rates.info\/ms\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","unstructured":"University of Mississippi Medical Center \u201cMississippi Cancer Registry Reporting Manual \u201dhttps:\/\/umc.edu\/common\/files\/ummch\/Research\/Institutes\/Cancer\u2010Center\u2010and\u2010Research\u2010Institute\/MCRManual2021.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djac172"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2023.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","unstructured":"American Cancer Society \u201cKey Statistics for Breast Cancer in Men \u201dhttps:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/types\/breast\u2010cancer\u2010in\u2010men\/key\u2010statistics.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Age Adjustment Using the 2000 Projected U.S. Population","volume":"20","author":"Klein R. 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