{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T17:21:33Z","timestamp":1786382493650,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Abuse Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study examined adults' interpretations of invitations using the word \u2018time\u2019. Recent research has demonstrated that children may misunderstand these invitations as solely requesting temporal information (Friend et al., 2022). This study tested whether adults perceive the ambiguity in these invitations and whether they understand the source of children's pseudotemporal errors. We examined 401 adult participants' perceptions of invitations using the word \u2018time\u2019, varying the phrasing of the invitation (<jats:italic>about the time<\/jats:italic> vs. <jats:italic>what happened<\/jats:italic>) and whether the participant had exposure to a child's pseudotemporal response. Adults largely interpreted the invitations as requests for what happened during an event, not requests for when an event occurred. They rated the invitations as clear, not difficult and appropriate for elementary\u2010aged children. However, they were more likely to rate <jats:italic>about the time<\/jats:italic> invitations as temporal compared to <jats:italic>what happened<\/jats:italic> invitations. Additionally, their perceptions of clarity and age appropriateness decreased when they were exposed to children's overtly pseudotemporal responses. These results suggest that although adults typically fail to identify the ambiguity in invitations using the word \u2018time\u2019, they are able to adjust their interpretation of the questions, at least when they are provided clear evidence of children's misinterpretation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/car.2869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T06:03:50Z","timestamp":1713938630000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Adults' interpretation of invitations using the word \u2018time\u2019"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2526-4443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Breanne E.","family":"Wylie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gould School of Law University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1997-2331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ella P.","family":"Merriwether","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, John Jay College of Criminal Justice and the Graduate Center City University of New York  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4966-592X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alma P.","family":"Olaguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology California State University, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5664-7026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Lieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, John Jay College of Criminal Justice and the Graduate Center City University of New York  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1967-8324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Zoe","family":"Klemfuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Science University of California, Irvine  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8179-759X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas D.","family":"Lyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gould School of Law University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8732-3790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly","family":"McWilliams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, John Jay College of Criminal Justice and the Graduate Center City University of New York  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"Aronson E. Fessinger M. McAuliff B.&McWilliams K.(2021)How do jurors react when child witnesses say \u201cI don't know?\u201d: the broader effects of the \u201cDon't Know\u201d instruction. [Poster presentation]. APLS 2021. 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