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Here, we have investigated the response of a human olfactory receptor, OR1D2, to a broad array of odorants and found that there is no simple, direct correlation between a molecule's ability to activate this receptor and the odor impression elicited in the brain. In a parallel study on specific anosmia, we have found no evidence for odor\u2010specific anosmia to either musk or amber, but rather to specific molecules within these categories. Cluster analysis confirmed that there is no simple correlation between molecular structure and impaired perception in either odor type. There are some differences in patterns of impairment between the two odor types and some evidence to suggest that subjects with specific anosmia to a given substance can identify its presence in a mixture. Taken together, our results show that simplistic \u2018lock and key\u2019 models of olfaction based on a concept of odor\u2010quality\u2010tuned receptors are inadequate, irrespective of the nature of the lock\u2013key interaction. Receptor activation is only one step in a long chain of events leading from inhalation of odorants to perception of odor in the higher brain, and, therefore, although structure\u2013odor correlations are useful tools for the design of novel odorants, caution should be exercised when extrapolating them to models of olfactory perception. Those seeking to understand the odorant\u2013receptor interaction should use receptor activation rather than odor as input data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.200890101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,10]],"date-time":"2008-07-10T10:40:26Z","timestamp":1215686426000},"page":"862-886","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Odorant\u2013Receptor Interactions and Odor Percept: A Chemical Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Annika","family":"Triller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth\u2005A.","family":"Boulden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Churchill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanns","family":"Hatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joakim","family":"Englund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Spehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles\u2005S.","family":"Sell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_2","unstructured":"J.\u2005A.Bajgrowicz G.Fr\u00e1ter toGivaudan Eur. 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