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Eleven compounds were identified, with the major components being <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010pinene (31.85%), (<jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>)\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010ocimene (28.98%), and (<jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>)\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2010ocimene (11.71%). To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of the oil, it was tested against <jats:italic>Biomphalaria glabrata<\/jats:italic> and the <jats:italic>LC<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> obtained was 90\u2005mg\/l. The essential oil also showed significant activity against <jats:italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/jats:italic>, with an <jats:italic>IC<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> value equal to 60\u2005mg\/l. In addition, to evaluate its toxicity towards a non\u2010target organism, the essential oil was tested against <jats:italic>Artemia salina<\/jats:italic> and showed a <jats:italic>LC<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 175\u2005mg\/l. Thus, the essential oil of <jats:italic>S. cumini<\/jats:italic> showed promising activity as a molluscicidal and leishmanicidal agent and might be valuable in combating neglected tropical diseases such as schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis. Further research is being conducted with regard to the purification and isolation of the most active essential\u2010oil compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.201200292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]],"date-time":"2013-06-18T07:51:36Z","timestamp":1371541896000},"page":"1133-1141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Molluscicidal and Leishmanicidal Activity of the Leaf Essential Oil of <i>Syzygium cumini<\/i> (L.) <scp>Skeels<\/scp> from Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Clarice N.","family":"Dias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klinger A. 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