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Almost all isocyanides showed good antifouling activity without significant toxicity and exhibited <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EC<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values of 0.07\u00a0\u2013\u00a07.30\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL after 120\u2010h exposure. The lowest <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EC<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values were observed for valine\u2010, methionine\u2010, and phenylalanine\u2010derived isocyanides, which achieved &gt;\u00a095% cypris larvae settlement inhibition at concentrations of less than 30\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL without exhibiting significant toxicity. Thus, the prepared isocyanides should be useful for further research focused on the development of environmentally friendly antifouling agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.201700571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,30]],"date-time":"2018-01-30T17:01:07Z","timestamp":1517331667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Isocyanides Derived from <i>\u03b1<\/i>,<i>\u03b1<\/i>\u2010Disubstituted Amino Acids: Synthesis and Antifouling Activity Assessment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yuki","family":"Inoue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bio\u2010organic Chemistry Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3\u20105\u20108 Saiwai\u2010cho Fuchu\u2010shi Tokyo 183\u20108509 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuhei","family":"Takashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory 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