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Therefore, the aim of the present study was the phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of this extract, to better understand which compounds might be responsible for the anti\u2010inflammatory effect. Phytochemical analysis led to the isolation of 12 known compounds and two new natural products, 5\u2010hydroxy\u20106\u2010(2\u2010hydroxybenzyl)\u20104\u2032,7\u2010dimethoxyflavanone (<jats:bold>13<\/jats:bold>) and 2\u2032,4\u2032\u2010dihydroxy\u20103\u2032\u2010(2\u2010hydroxybenzyl)\u20104,6\u2032\u2010dimethoxychalcone (<jats:bold>14<\/jats:bold>). The influence of the isolated compounds on the production and release of the pro\u2010inflammatory factors IL\u20108, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and adhesion molecules (CD62L and CD11b) in human neutrophils was evaluated. Three constituents, melodamide A, 2\u2032,4\u2032\u2010dihydroxy\u20104,6\u2032\u2010dimethoxychalcone, and 2\u2032,6\u2032\u2010dihydroxy\u20104\u2032\u2010methoxychalcone, showed significant inhibition of IL\u20108 release (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>=6.6, 8.6, and 11.6\u2005\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, respectively) and TNF\u2010\u03b1 production (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>=4.5, 13.3, and 6.2\u2005\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, respectively).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.201800269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,8]],"date-time":"2018-09-08T01:45:16Z","timestamp":1536371116000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Inhibition of Pro\u2010Inflammatory Functions of Human Neutrophils by Constituents of <i>Melodorum fruticosum<\/i> Leaves"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Nora S.","family":"Engels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy\/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI) University of Innsbruck  Innrain 80\u201382 6020 Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2718-4677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgit","family":"Waltenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy\/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI) University of Innsbruck  Innrain 80\u201382 6020 Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Michalak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical University of Warsaw  Banacha 1 02-097 Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loi","family":"Huynh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Medicine and Pharmacy  41\u201343 \u0110inh Ti\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng, B\u1ebfn Ngh\u00e9, Qu\u1eadn 1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hung","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Medicine and Pharmacy  41\u201343 \u0110inh Ti\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng, B\u1ebfn Ngh\u00e9, Qu\u1eadn 1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna K.","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy Medical University of Warsaw  Banacha 1 02-097 Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Stuppner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy\/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI) University of Innsbruck  Innrain 80\u201382 6020 Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. 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