{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:38:40Z","timestamp":1787791120519,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]],"date-time":"2022-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Microalgae, due to its rapid growth, low nutritional requirements, and versatility of adaptation to different environmental conditions, has aroused the biotechnological interest, synthesizing novel molecules with antioxidant, anticoagulant, anti\u2010inflammatory, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities. In this sense, we carried out the bioprospection of <jats:italic>Chaetoceros muelleri<\/jats:italic>, a marine diatom employed in aquaculture, as a candidate to the development of new drugs for the treatment of bacterial infections. The chemical profile of extracts in different solvents (hexane, chloroform, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, methanol, and acetone) were analyzed by <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H\u2010NMR. The hexane extract was the most active against all bacteria species tested, including <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 100\u2005\u03bcg\/ml. Contrarily, the methanol extract was inactive against all tested microorganisms and, in addition, was the only one with IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> &gt;800\u2005\u03bcg\/mL, showing no cytotoxicity in VERO cell lines. All other extracts showed antibacterial potential and IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values varying between 267.58 and 142.47\u2005\u03bcg\/ml. The fact that <jats:italic>C.\u2005muelleri<\/jats:italic> is a microalga easily grown on bioreactors on a large scale may promote its biotechnological use, especially as scaffolds for the development of new compounds against bacterial species of clinical and public health interest.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202100846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T18:24:43Z","timestamp":1647368683000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Chemical Profile and Antimicrobial Activity of the Marine Diatom <i>Chaetoceros muelleri<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6888-9553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela Fernandes","family":"Ramos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos F\u00e1rmacos (NUDEFA) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Microbiologia M\u00e9dica (NUPEMM) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila Cristina","family":"Bartolomeu Halicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos F\u00e1rmacos (NUDEFA) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Microbiologia M\u00e9dica (NUPEMM) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"da Silva Canielles Caprara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos F\u00e1rmacos (NUDEFA) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Microbiologia M\u00e9dica (NUPEMM) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos F\u00e1rmacos (NUDEFA) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Microbiologia M\u00e9dica (NUPEMM) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"da R. M.D'Oca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos F\u00e1rmacos (NUDEFA) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Resson\u00e2ncia Magn\u00e9tica Nuclear (LabRMN) Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UFPR)  Curitiba Paran\u00e1 81531-980 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"de F\u00e1tima C. Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Resson\u00e2ncia Magn\u00e9tica Nuclear (LabRMN) Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UFPR)  Curitiba Paran\u00e1 81531-980 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo G. M.","family":"D'Oca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos F\u00e1rmacos (NUDEFA) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Resson\u00e2ncia Magn\u00e9tica Nuclear (LabRMN) Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 (UFPR)  Curitiba Paran\u00e1 81531-980 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Roselet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos F\u00e1rmacos (NUDEFA) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o de Microalgas (LPM) Instituto de Oceanografia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96210-030 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Eduardo","family":"Almeida da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos F\u00e1rmacos (NUDEFA) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa em Microbiologia M\u00e9dica (NUPEMM) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo Cesar","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Desenvolvimento de Novos F\u00e1rmacos (NUDEFA) Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96200-400 Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o de Microalgas (LPM) Instituto de Oceanografia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)  Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96210-030 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.5b01055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"\u2018Antimicrobial metabolites from marine microorganisms\u2019","volume":"14","author":"Habbu P.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin. J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NP00052A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo2020303"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5419\/bjpg2014-0011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md14090159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2009.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201700419"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scp.2016.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"510","article-title":"\u2018Marine pharmacology in 2009\u20132011: Marine compounds with antibacterial, antidiabetic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the immune and nervous systems, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action\u2019","volume":"11","author":"Mayer A. M. S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-021-06422-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2018.00236"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00016-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u2018Tuberculosis Report\u2019 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md16050154"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2017.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"154","article-title":"\u2018High-resolution magic angle spinning NMR analysis of whole cells of Chaetoceros muelleri (Bacillariophyceae) and comparison with 13C-NMR and distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer 13C-NMR analysis of lipophilic extracts\u2019","volume":"16","author":"Chauton M. S.","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Phycol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrc.1260280610"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2013.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27894-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.17485\/ijst\/2011\/v4i11.26","article-title":"\u2018Lipid composition in microalgal community under laboratory and outdoor conditions\u2019","volume":"4","author":"Ramachandra T. V.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-013-0001-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15436\/2476-1869.16.1166"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md14040081"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-24176-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0718-19572010000300019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0718-34292015000100010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2020.124073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","first-page":"343","article-title":"\u2018Antibacterial properties of the microalgae Chaetoceros calcitrans\u2019","volume":"25","author":"Seraspe E. B.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Fish. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2019.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"323","article-title":"\u2018Effect of green alga Planktochlorella nurekis on selected bacteria revealed antibacterial activity in\u2005vitro\u2019","volume":"62","author":"\u010cerm\u00e1k L.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Czech J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-014-6041-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09593330.2015.1015456"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2021.101093"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.21767\/2386-5180.1000170","article-title":"\u2018Antibacterial Activity of Lauric Acid on Some Selected Clinical Isolates\u2019","volume":"5","author":"Anzaku A. A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Lab. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9080441"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2007.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/AJPP2013.0002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proenv.2015.01.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2005.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2007.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","unstructured":"R.\u2005A. Andersen \u2018Algal Culturing Techniques\u2019 1st Edition 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2017.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2015.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aqrep.2016.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) \u2018M07-A9 Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically\u2019 Approved Standard \u2013 Ninth Edition 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","unstructured":"CLSI \u2018Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Second Informational Supplement Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute\u2019 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.8.2720-2722.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(94)90396-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.9.4586-4593.1999"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202100846","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbdv.202100846","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202100846","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T21:01:45Z","timestamp":1692651705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.202100846"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.202100846"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202100846","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-11-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e202100846"}}