{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T22:50:30Z","timestamp":1781304630026,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001343","name":"University of Pretoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001343","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Rhynchosia minima<\/jats:italic>, commonly known as jumby bean, is used as a remedy for respiratory ailments in various parts of the world. It is also used by South African traditional healers to treat heart or chest pain. This study aimed to investigate the bioactive constituents of the leaf extracts of <jats:italic>R.\u2005minima<\/jats:italic> against selected fungal isolates that have been identified as risk factors in respiratory illness. <jats:italic>Rhynchosia minima<\/jats:italic> leaves were extracted sequentially using hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol in increasing order of polarity. The extracts were subjected to repeated chromatographic techniques, for phytochemical isolation. The extracts and isolated compounds were screened against <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic> by determining the minimum concentration that inhibited fungal growth. Six flavonoids, one norisoprenoid and one cyclitol were isolated and characterized by 1D and 2D NMR and HR\u2010ESI\u2010MS. The extracts obtained in the study had moderate to weak antifungal activities, with MICs ranging from 312.5 to 1250.0\u2005\u03bcg\/mL against both fungi. Four isolated compounds were also screened, with two of them exhibiting activity against <jats:italic>C.\u2005albicans<\/jats:italic> (MIC=6.25\u2005\u03bcg\/mL) that was comparable to amphotericin B, the positive control. These two compounds also had better antifungal potential against <jats:italic>C.\u2005neoformans<\/jats:italic> with an MIC=6.25\u2005\u03bcg\/mL, compared to the MIC of 12.5\u2005\u03bcg\/mL of amphotericin B. Seven of the eight isolated compounds were obtained from the extracts of <jats:italic>Rhynchosia minima<\/jats:italic> for the first time. Two of the isolated compounds demonstrated activity comparable or superior to amphotericin B activity. The notable potency displayed by these compounds warrants further investigation on their development as antifungal agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202200837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,28]],"date-time":"2022-10-28T09:38:17Z","timestamp":1666949897000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Antifungal Compounds from the Leaves of <i>Rhynchosia minima<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4983-245X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adetola H.","family":"Adewole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Pretoria  Hatfield, Pretoria 0002 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibukun M.","family":"Famuyide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytomedicine Programme Department of Paraclinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Private Bag X04 Onderstepoort 0110 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyndy J.","family":"McGaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytomedicine Programme Department of Paraclinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Private Bag X04 Onderstepoort 0110 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamoalosi A.","family":"Selepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Pretoria  Hatfield, Pretoria 0002 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5163-9267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"October","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Pretoria  Hatfield, Pretoria 0002 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004404"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3040057"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760200430"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2931"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30243-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00168011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/4281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46548-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"561","article-title":"\u2018Overview of treatment options for invasive fungal infections\u2019","volume":"49","author":"Pound M. 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