{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T10:57:13Z","timestamp":1785236233343,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most heavy metals and industrial chemicals such as nicotine and lead cause harm to the reproduction process through a decrease in sperm motility, fertilization process, and sperm binding to the oocyte. <jats:italic>Salvia officinalis<\/jats:italic> L. (sage) has been reported to enhance serum testosterone levels and other certain biochemical enzymes. Thus, the current study is aimed at evaluating the potential health benefits of <jats:italic>S. officinalis<\/jats:italic> L. methanol extract on lead and nicotine hydrogen tartrate\u2010induced sperm quality degeneration in male rats and also identifying some of the non\u2010polar volatile bioactive compounds that might be attributed to the bioactivity of <jats:italic>S. officinalis<\/jats:italic> extract using gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (GC\/MS). In the study, fifty\u2010four mature male albino rats of about 220\u2013250\u2005g [were divided randomly and equally into 9\u2005groups (n=6)]. Sperm quality degeneration was induced through the oral administration of 1.5\u2005g\/L of lead acetate in drinking water or peritoneal injection of 0.50\u2005mg\/kg (animal weight) nicotine hydrogen tartrate for sixty days. Two doses (200 &amp; 400\u2005mg\/kg b.w.) of <jats:italic>S. officinalis<\/jats:italic> L. were used. The rats were anesthetized after the experimental period and then sacrificed. Blood samples were collected while the epididymis, testicle, and accessory sex organs (prostates and seminal vesical) were taken for histopathological studies. Twelve major compounds were identified through the GC\/MS analysis of <jats:italic>S. officinalis<\/jats:italic> L. methanol extract. Lead and nicotine toxicity had a great effect on the rats\u2019 sperm quality causing a significant (p&lt;0.05) decrease in the quantity of sperm and sperm motility as well as an upsurge in the abnormalities of the sperm and a reduction in the length &amp; diameter of seminiferous tubules and size &amp; weight of sexual organs (accessory sex glands, epididymis, and testis). The administration of <jats:italic>S. officinalis<\/jats:italic> L. methanol extract, however, had a positive impact on the sexual organ weights, semen quality &amp; quantity, and rats\u2019 fertility, thus, ameliorating the adversative effects of both lead and nicotine. Further evaluation and isolation of the bioactive components are recommended as potential drug leads.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202300115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]],"date-time":"2023-05-27T01:59:46Z","timestamp":1685152786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<i>Salvia officinalis<\/i> L. Methanolic Extract Reduces Lead and Nicotine\u2010Induced Sperm Quality Degeneration in Male Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5429-0830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wael","family":"Ammar Aldaddou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Qassim University  51452 Buraydah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah S. M.","family":"Aljohani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Qassim University  51452 Buraydah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2215-3900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idris","family":"Adewale Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied Science Lincoln University College  Kelana Jaya 47301 Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naser A.","family":"Al\u2010Wabel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Qassim University  51452 Buraydah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim M.","family":"El\u2010Ashmawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Qassim University  51452 Buraydah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Pharmacology Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Alexandria University  21526 Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00298"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061785"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-516X.96795"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/bmdcn\/2018080207"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5978\/islsm.18-OR-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2011.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"1137","volume":"3","author":"Mohanraj R.","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Med. Plant Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2005.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115337"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2015.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12303","volume":"47","author":"Anjum M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"WHO Lead poisoning and health https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/lead-poisoning-and-health 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"M. Matisons Prevent lead poisoning and residues in livestock Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Government of Western Australiahttps:\/\/www.agric.wa.gov.au\/livestock-biosecurity\/prevent-lead-poisoning-and-residues-livestock 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"219","volume":"14","author":"Sallm\u00e9n M.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2013.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjr.2015.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.08.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5851.151771"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01485019508987834"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10582-006-0568-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","first-page":"197","volume":"4","author":"Bahr H. I.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934457"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2016.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Jakovljevi\u0107 S. Joki\u0107 M. Molnar M. Ja\u0161i\u0107 J. Babi\u0107 H. Juki\u0107 I. Banjari Plants(Basel)2019 8(55) 1\u201330.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants8030055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.103363"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.09.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2018.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-020-09865-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2017.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2004.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1568"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300907"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","first-page":"290","volume":"111","author":"Oniga I.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Chir. Soc. Med. Nat. Iasi."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejbas.2015.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","first-page":"58","volume":"11","author":"Tvrda E.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Biomol. Agric. Food Biotech. Eng."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","first-page":"82","volume":"4","author":"Hamidpour M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.2010.01086.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","first-page":"237","volume":"6","author":"Gra\u00e7a A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390701839331"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","first-page":"24","volume":"1","author":"Aladakatti R. H.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lab. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","first-page":"49","volume":"4","author":"Oyedeji K. O.","year":"2013","journal-title":"IOSR J. Pharm. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2018.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/039463201302600317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10934529.2014.846195"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","first-page":"87","volume":"2","author":"Ali S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.2012.01284.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-018-1358-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catcom.2018.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cep.2020.107842"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.02.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.08.096"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-020-2848-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/jice.20140627123443"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/AN12257"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2017.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","first-page":"43","volume":"28","author":"Ramah A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"BVMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1875-5364(14)60103-5"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202300115","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T00:29:32Z","timestamp":1692232172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.202300115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.202300115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202300115","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-01-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e202300115"}}