{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T19:01:44Z","timestamp":1778094104056,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study aimed to evaluate the anti\u2010inflammatory activity of <jats:italic>Dicliptera bupleuroides<\/jats:italic> Nees aerial parts methanol extract and its different fractions namely hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol <jats:italic>in\u2005vitro<\/jats:italic> using cyclooxygenase inhibitory assay (COX\u20102). <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic> anti\u2010inflammatory evaluation was performed using carrageenan and formalin induced inflammation in rat models followed by molecular docking. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass chromatography (GC\/MS) analyses were used for chemical analyses of the tested samples. The tested samples showed significant inhibition in COX\u20102 inhibitory assay where methanol extract (DBM) showed the highest inhibitory potential at 100\u2005\u03bcg\/mL estimated by 67.86\u2009%. At a dose of 400\u2005mg\/kg, all of the examined samples showed pronounced results in carrageenan induced acute inflammation in rat model at 4<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> h interval with DBM showed the highest efficiency displaying 65.32\u2009% inhibition as compared to the untreated rats. Formalin model was employed for seven days and DBM exhibited 65.33\u2009% and 69.39\u2009% inhibition at 200 and 400\u2005mg\/kg, respectively approaching that of the standard on the 7<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> day. HPLC revealed the presence of caffeic acid, gallic acid and sinapic acid, quercetin and myricetin in DBM. GC\/MS analysis of its hexane fraction revealed the presence of 16 compounds belonging mainly to fatty acids and sterols that account for 85.26\u2009% of the total detected compounds. Molecular docking showed that hexadecanoic acid followed by decanedioic acid and isopropyl myristate showed the best fitting within cyclooxygenase\u2010II (COX\u2010II) while nonacosane followed by hexatriacontane and isopropyl myristate revealed the most pronounced fitting within the 5\u2010lipoxygenase (5\u2010LOX) active sites. Absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion and toxicity prediction (ADMET\/ TOPKAT) concluded that most of the detected compounds showed reasonable pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicity properties that could be further modified to be more suitable for incorporation in pharmaceutical dosage forms combating inflammation and its undesirable consequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202300349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T06:25:16Z","timestamp":1691994316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["HPLC and GC Characterization of <i>Dicliptera bupleuroides<\/i> Aerial Parts and Evaluation of Its Anti\u2010Inflammatory Potential <i>in Vitro<\/i>, <i>in silico<\/i> and <i>in Vivo<\/i> Using Carrageenan and Formalin Induced Inflammation in Rat Models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Shehla","family":"Akbar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Deparadtment of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy The Islamia University of Bahawalpur  Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy University of the Punjab  Lahore 05422 Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saiqa","family":"Ishtiaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy University of the Punjab  Lahore 05422 Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5871-2639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadia S.","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Ain-Shams University  Abbasia Cairo 11566 Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3799-0581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sameh S.","family":"Elhady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Products Faculty of Pharmacy King Abdulaziz University  Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amal K.","family":"Belaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Tripoli  Tripoli Libya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9270-6267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed L.","family":"Ashour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Ain-Shams University  Abbasia Cairo 11566 Egypt"},{"name":"Pharmacy Program Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Batterjee Medical College  Jeddah 21442 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6108203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30587"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00703"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqab025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12904"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume":"8","author":"Oyekachukwu A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Translational Biomed."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13057\/biodiv\/d180433"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2019.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"2452","volume":"3","author":"Wariss H. 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