{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T02:46:36Z","timestamp":1773369996116,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present investigation aims to study the therapeutic effect and to identify the lead molecules from lichen <jats:italic>Parmotrema reticulatum<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Pr<\/jats:italic>) that can solve the complications associated with arthritis. Purification of <jats:italic>Pr<\/jats:italic> extract led to isolation of two lead molecules i.e. Compound A (a Dioxepine derivative) as 3\u2010Hydroxy\u20109\u2010hydroxymethyl\u20101,8\u2010dimethyl\u201011\u2010oxo\u201011H\u2010dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxepine\u20104,7 dicarboxylic acid 7\u2010methyl ester with molecular formula C<jats:sub>19<\/jats:sub>H<jats:sub>16<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>; molecular weight 388.34. Compound B as 3\u2010Hydroxy\u20105\u2010methoxy\u20104\u2010methyl\u2010benzoic acid (a Benzoic methyl ester) with molecular formula C<jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>H<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>; molecular weight 182.2. In\u2010silico investigation specific for inflammation revealed good binding affinity of both the compounds with the targeted proteins. Further continuous administration of <jats:italic>Pr<\/jats:italic> and novel compounds A and B to CFA (Freund's complete adjuvant) induced arthritis rat revealed a reduction in arthritis complications possibly by inhibiting the formation of edema. The variations in relative body weight along with paw swelling and arthritic scores were identified. Inhibition of expressions of RA markers like RF, CRP, TNF\u2010\ud835\udefc, IL\u20101\ud835\udefd, IL\u20106, ALP, AST, ALT, and LDH was observed thereby inhibiting inflammation of the synovial cavity and cartilage damage effectively. Hence from our results, it is evident that <jats:italic>Pr<\/jats:italic>, Compound A and B has downregulated the inflammatory cytokines and can be a potential candidate to treat arthritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202300788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T05:30:27Z","timestamp":1732167027000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Modulation of Proinflammatory Cytokines by <i>Parmotrema reticulatum<\/i> Derived Dioxepine Derivative and Benzoic Methyl Ester in Adjuvant\u2010Induced Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7334-4483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Zameer Ahmed","family":"Khader","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology KS Rangasamy College of Technology  Namakkal Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidhra","family":"Syed Zameer Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology  Tiruchengode Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Tajudeen","family":"SyedAmeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry C Abdul Hakeem College  Vellore Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamaraj","family":"Chinnaperumal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Research and Virtual Education SRM Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University)  Chengalpattu Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.10864"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/642027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27584"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198\u2010007\u20100088\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar578"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38273"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1960517"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.2.348\u2010369.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis\u20102013\u2010204575"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/neh117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756\u2010185X.12535"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11094\u2010009\u20100183\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bfopcu.2018.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chmed.2018.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.4739"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2010.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0024282904014586"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"901","article-title":"Chemical Profile of Compounds From Lichens of Bukit Larut, Peninsular Malaysia","volume":"39","author":"Laily B. 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