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LC\u2010HRMS analysis, total phenolic\/flavonoid content assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, DNA interaction, cytotoxicity, and western blotting were investigated using different methods. Fumaric acid was found to be the most abundant compound in both extracts. SME and RME were cytotoxic on A549 cells concentration\u2010dependently. Also, <jats:italic>in\u2005vitro<\/jats:italic> scratch assay showed that SME and RME led to a significant anti\u2010migratory effect at 1\u2005mg\/mL. Cytochrome c, p53, and caspase 3 expression significantly increased in the presence of RME compared to the control. All of these results claimed that RME might be suggested as a theoretically more effective phytotherapeutic agent for lung cancer compared to the effect seen with the SME.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202301003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T12:52:27Z","timestamp":1697028747000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Insights into the Biological Activity and Cytotoxic Mechanism of <i>Epimedium pubigerum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"G\u00f6k\u00e7e","family":"Seyhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Pharmacy Biochemistry Department,61080  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didem","family":"Akkaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Pharmacy Biochemistry Department,61080  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00fcbra","family":"Kolci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ac\u0131badem University Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Toxicology Department, 34752  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Yeditepe University Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Toxicology Department, 34755  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rengin","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ac\u0131badem University Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Toxicology Department, 34752  \u0130stanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurdan","family":"Yazici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmacognosy Department, 61080  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elif","family":"Nur Barut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmacology Department, 61080  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7441-8771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burak","family":"Barut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Pharmacy Biochemistry Department,61080  Trabzon T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022) \u201cCancer\u201dhttp:\/\/www.who.int\/cancer\/en\/[Last access: 25.\u200903.\u20092023]."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2016.5518"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"689","volume":"12","author":"Spitz M. 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