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This study aimed to prepare Thymol (TY)\u2010loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles surface\u2010modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugated with folic acid (FA) and evaluate their inhibitory activity on cancer cells. The TY\u2010BSA\u2010PEG\u2010FA was characterized using DLS, FESEM, and FTIR. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) was evaluated indirectly by using UV absorption. The antioxidant property of nanoparticles was evaluated by 2,2\u2032\u2010azinobis(3\u2010ethylbenzothiazoline\u20106\u2010sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2\u2010diphenyl\u20101\u2010picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing ability of plasm (FRAP) methods. The effects of nanoparticles against cancer cells were investigated by MTT, AO\/PI, flow cytometry, and real\u2010time qPCR methods. The results showed the spherical morphology of TY\u2010BSA\u2010PEG\u2010FA with an average size of 70.0\u2005nm, a PDI of 0.32, a zeta potential of \u221211.3\u2005mV, and an EE of 89.0\u00b12.3\u2009%. The cytotoxicity effects of nanoparticles against all cell lines were in a concentration\u2010dependent manner. AGS gastric cancer cells were reported to be the most vulnerable to treatment, while pancreatic cancer cells (PANC\u20101) and normal skin cells (HFF) would be the most resistant. The SubG1 phase arrest of about 66\u2009% occurred at 85\u2005\u03bcg\/mL. An increase in apoptotic cells in fluorescent staining, along with decreased expression of Bcl\u20102 and increased expression of the BAX gene demonstrated the induction of apoptosis in treated cells. The powerful inhibitory effect of nanoparticles in inhibiting ABTS free radicals (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>=82\u2005\u03bcg\/mL) and DPPH free radicals (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>=844\u2005\u03bcg\/mL) and the ability to reduce iron ions indicated the antioxidant effects of TY\u2010BSA\u2010PEG\u2010FA. Based on these results, the synthesized nanoparticles may be suitable for further investigation in the treatment of cancer, notably gastric cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202301122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T14:49:46Z","timestamp":1697122186000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Study the Anticancer Properties of Thymol\u2010Loaded PEGylated Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Conjugated with Folic Acid"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Mohammed Yahya Awad","family":"Al\u2010Salih","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1023-1032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Pouresmaeil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Mashhad Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University  Mashhad Iran"},{"name":"Postal address Faculty of Medicine Shahinfar Islamic Azad University  Sarab Street Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Davoodi\u2010Dehaghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Faculty of Basic Sciences Central Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasti Nasiraei","family":"Haghighi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoud Homayouni","family":"Tabrizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr900208x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"240","volume":"12","author":"Visconti R.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. 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