{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:22:36Z","timestamp":1787509356839,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    There is a burgeoning focus on utilizing the antifungal and antioxidant properties of essential oils derived from various plants as a modern and natural approach to combat the growth of fungi that contaminate food. In this study, we used essential oils extracted from\n                    <jats:italic>Thymus daenensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    Celak. subsp.\n                    <jats:italic>daenensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    to address three mycotoxin\u2010producing species of\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , specifically\n                    <jats:italic>A. flavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>A. parasiticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>A. niger<\/jats:italic>\n                    , all of which are recognized contaminants of food and agricultural products. Concurrently, the antioxidant properties of the essential oils were evaluated, revealing their noteworthy role in the antifungal activity. Essential oils were derived from\n                    <jats:italic>T. daenensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    subsp.\n                    <jats:italic>daenensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    was observed to have a significant inhibitory effect on all three species of\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , as evidenced by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 575 to 707\u2005ppm and the half\u2010maximal inhibitory concentration (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) ranging from 237 to 280\u2005ppm. These results confirm the strong antifungal activity of the essential oils. Furthermore, the essential oil exhibited free radical scavenging activity, resulting in an EC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    value of 37.1\u2005\u03bcg\/ml. In summary,\n                    <jats:italic>T. daenensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    subsp.\n                    <jats:italic>daenensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    essential oil demonstrated a competitive advantage over other similar plants and synthetic antibiotics. This indicates the promising potential of this essential oil as a natural antifungal agent to control\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    growth and mycotoxin contamination. It offers an alternative or complementary approach to conventional antifungal agents and could be a valuable addition to the arsenal of natural remedies to address fungal contamination in food and agricultural products.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202302115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T07:49:35Z","timestamp":1709106575000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Inhibitory Effects of Endemic Thyme's Thymol\u2010Carvacrol Chemotype Essential Oil on\n                    <i>Aspergillus<\/i>\n                    Species with Free Radical Scavenging Properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Seyed Fazel","family":"Mirahmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture &amp; Natural Resources Velayat University  Iranshahr Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5842-5237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Shayganfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Engineering Faculty of Agriculture Malayer University  Malayer Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10412905.2019.1604437"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867033457719"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"988","volume":"10","author":"Diniz do Nascimento L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomol. 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