{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T07:59:47Z","timestamp":1788335987369,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of bacterial and fungal infections is caused by <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> are often associated with dental illnesses. In the present study, a unique strategy was used to combat these diseases by fabricating titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs) conjugated with the plant\u2010based molecule vanillic acid (VA). To confirm the structural characterization of the synthesized VA\u2010TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs, an extensive analysis was carried out utilizing methods such as SEM, FTIR, and XRD. Assessments for scavenging reactive oxygen species were performed to evaluate its antioxidant capability. Furthermore, a zone of inhibition test targeting pathogenic oral bacteria was used to assess the antibacterial efficacy of VA\u2010TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs. Molecular modeling investigations were performed to better understand the interactions among vanillic acid and dental pathogen receptors using the Autodock program. The findings indicated that VA\u2010TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs exhibited strong free radical scavenging activity. Additionally, they showed excellent antibacterial action towards dental pathogens, with a minimum inhibition level of 60\u2005\u03bcg\/mL. Furthermore, at doses of 15\u2005\u03bcg\/mL, 30\u2005\u03bcg\/mL, 60\u2005\u03bcg\/mL, and 120\u2005\u03bcg\/mL, VA\u2010TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs demonstrated concentration\u2010dependent apoptotic impacts on human oral carcinoma cells. Apoptotic gene over\u2010expression was identified by the molecular perspectives that revealed the anticancer mechanism of VA\u2010TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs on KB cells. This study highlights the promising suitability of VA\u2010TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> NPs for dental applications due to their robust antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial characteristics. These nanoparticles present an evident prospect for addressing oral pathogen challenges and improving overall oral health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202402080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T16:00:15Z","timestamp":1727366415000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Synergistic Action of Vanillic Acid\u2010Coated Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles: Targeting Biofilm Formation Receptors of Dental Pathogens and Modulating Apoptosis Genes for Enhanced Oral Anticancer Activity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Rafe Hatshan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University  P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anahas","family":"Perianaika Matharasi Antonyraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research Analytics Saveetha Dental College and Hospital Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Saveetha University  Poonamallee, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077 India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanitha","family":"Marunganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cariology Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University  Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Rafi Shaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University  P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paramasivam","family":"Deepak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life sciences Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous) K.  Narayanapura, Kothanur (PO) Bengaluru 560077 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathiya","family":"Thiyagarajulu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life sciences Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous) K.  Narayanapura, Kothanur (PO) Bengaluru 560077 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandrakumar","family":"Manivannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology  Tiruchirapalli India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Divya","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology School of Applied and Life Sciences Uttaranchal University  Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrique Douglas","family":"Melo Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Chemistry Regional University of Cariri  Crato .. CE 63105-000 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8583-9352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajay","family":"Guru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cariology Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University  Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesu","family":"Arockiaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Humanities SRM Institute of Science and Technology  603203 Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2022.764479"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01455613241228211"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20002297.2023.2197779"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. Xu W. Zhou H. Wang S. Liang Roles of Porphyromonas gingivalis and its virulence factors in periodontitis in:2020: 45\u201384https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2019.12.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2019.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034519830686"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/7312611"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2020.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031562"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c04022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app11188674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2021.131556"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.135333"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116431"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2023.131835"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106595"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07544-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52547\/JoMMID.11.2.96"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8812090"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2022.04.096"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27051484"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10091358"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkae035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.202300221"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inoche.2021.108748"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2021.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22169100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43094-020-00163-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e14293"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13010093"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12972"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2020.153370"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202402080","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T09:01:34Z","timestamp":1739523694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.202402080"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.202402080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202402080","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e202402080"}}