{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T18:12:02Z","timestamp":1791655922909,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Diabetes is a multifactorial global health disorder marked by unusually high plasma glucose levels, which can lead to serious consequences including diabetic neuropathy, kidney damage, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease. One effective therapy approach for reducing hyperglycemia associated with type 2 diabetes is to target \u03b1\u2010glucosidase, enzymes that catalyze starch breakdown in the intestine. In the current study, two new (\n                    <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) and nine known (\n                    <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2013\n                    <jats:bold>11<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) compounds were isolated from the rutaceous plant\n                    <jats:italic>Haplophyllum tuberculatum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and characterized by extensive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques and high\u2010resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. After structural elucidation, nine compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit \u03b1\u2010glucosidase, a target for the treatment of type\u20102 diabetes. Among them, three compounds (\n                    <jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>5,<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) exhibited notable inhibition with half\u2010maximal inhibitory concentration (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) values of 3.42 \u00b1 0.12, 5.79 \u00b1 0.28, and 6.75 \u00b1 1.18\u00a0\u00b5M, respectively, while the remaining six compounds (\n                    <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:bold>9<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) had a moderate activity with IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    values ranging from 12.14 \u00b1 0.35 to 24.60 \u00b1 0.57\u00a0\u00b5M, compared to the standard drug acarbose (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 875.75 \u00b1 1.24\u00a0\u00b5M). A kinetic study of compounds\n                    <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>\n                    exhibited the competitive type of inhibition with\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      K\n                      <jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    values of 4.82 \u00b1 0.0036 and 3.92 \u00b1 0.0062\u00a0\u00b5M, respectively. Furthermore, a structure\u2010based prediction of the compounds\u2019 binding mode suggested that these inhibitors fitted exceptionally well within the active site of the target enzyme, \u03b1\u2010glucosidase, forming multiple hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions with its active site residues. In conclusion, compounds with potent \u03b1\u2010glucosidase inhibitory activity are abundant in nature and can be explored and further developed for treating diabetes mellitus.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202402235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T12:35:42Z","timestamp":1734957342000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Two New \u03b1\u2010Glucosidase Inhibitors from\n                    <i>Haplophyllum tuberculatum<\/i>\n                    : Inhibition Kinetics and Mechanistic Insights Through in Vitro and in Silico Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Muddaser","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural &amp; Medical Sciences Research Center University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman"},{"name":"Department of Botany Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Mardan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural &amp; Medical Sciences Research Center University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sobia Ahsan","family":"Halim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural &amp; Medical Sciences Research Center University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajmal","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural &amp; Medical Sciences Research Center University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Gibbons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural &amp; Medical Sciences Research Center University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Csuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry Martin Luther University Halle\u2010Wittenberg Halle Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waheed","family":"Murad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Mardan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1563-225X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Najeeb Ur","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural &amp; Medical Sciences Research Center University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Al\u2010Harrasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural &amp; Medical Sciences Research Center University of Nizwa Nizwa Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"C. 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