{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:31:26Z","timestamp":1777923086135,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSP2025R189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP2025R189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Infectious diseases remain a major global health concern, leading to widespread complications and fatalities worldwide. Exploring the bioavailability of therapeutic compounds in traditional healing medicinal plants presents a promising approach to preventing and treating infectious diseases.\n                    <jats:italic>Cistus ladanifer<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a plant commonly employed in Moroccan traditional medicine, has been identified as a potential antiviral candidate. This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral activity of\n                    <jats:italic>C. ladanifer<\/jats:italic>\n                    extracts in vitro and in silico against the herpes simplex virus 1 and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants of concern the Delta and Omicron. Toxic prediction of the main compounds identified by gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry from\n                    <jats:italic>C.ladanifer<\/jats:italic>\n                    was performe\n                    <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    in silico via ProTox\u2010II software. Molecular docking was subsequently performed via Maestro version 11.5 software from Schr\u00f6dinger to gain a comprehensive understanding of their biological activity. The extracts were subjected to in vitro antiviral screening against the selected strains via real\u2010time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Our docking estimation supported the in vitro results, and a diverse array of compounds extracted from\n                    <jats:italic>C. ladanifer<\/jats:italic>\n                    demonstrated significant antiviral activity with a low toxicity profile. Accordingly, in vitro data revealed a dose\u2010dependent effect of the studied extracts, with particular efficacy against the Omicron variant. With the antiviral evaluation and docking outcomes in hand, we suggest a plausible mechanism of action for these compounds through further investigation into the effectiveness of\n                    <jats:italic>C. ladanifer<\/jats:italic>\n                    against other respiratory viruses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202402661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T08:29:21Z","timestamp":1736497761000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Uncovering Antiviral Potential of\n                    <i>Cistus Ladanifer<\/i>\n                    Extracts Against Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 by In Vitro and In Silico Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Kaoutar","family":"Bouothmany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology and Medical Research Unit National Center for Energy Sciences and Nuclear Techniques CNESTEN Rabat Morocco"},{"name":"Microbiology, Biomolecules and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Chemistry Physics and Biotechnologies of Biomolecules and Materials, FST Mohammedia Hassan II University of Casablanca Mohammedia Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3707-8461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Bourhia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization Faculty of Sciences Ibn Zohr University Agadir Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Chebaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Social Protection Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Fez 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EL","family":"Mzibri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology and Medical Research Unit National Center for Energy Sciences and Nuclear Techniques CNESTEN Rabat Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mosatafa","family":"Elouennass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital Rabat Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Ennibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Culture Unit, Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital Rabat Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khalid S.","family":"Almaary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Usman","family":"Qamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Touil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mohammed VI Center for Research &amp; Innovation (CM6RI)  Rabat Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laila","family":"Benbacer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology and Medical Research Unit National Center for Energy Sciences and Nuclear Techniques CNESTEN Rabat 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