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In particular, deep\u2010sea derived fungi have been deemed potent for novel bioactive structures due to their extreme living environment and evolution of special biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for secondary metabolites. Chemical investigations of the deep\u2010sea derived <jats:italic>Penicillium<\/jats:italic> sp. SCSIO sof101 led to the discovery of 5 types of 21 bioactive compounds, including the significant anti\u2010Gram\u2010negative bacterial compound sulfoxanthicillin. Bioinformatics analysis of the strain revealed 56 BGCs for the secondary metabolites. This information guided the further culture optimization, which led to the discovery of another five types of secondary metabolites (<jats:bold>1\u201311<\/jats:bold>), including one non\u2010ribosomal peptide and polyketide (NRP\u2013PK) type compounds (<jats:bold>1\u20133<\/jats:bold>), which included a new compound (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>), one NRP type compounds (<jats:bold>4\u20135<\/jats:bold>), and three PK types compounds (<jats:bold>6\u201311<\/jats:bold>). The structure of compound <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold> was elucidated by spectral analyses including HR\u2010ESI\u2010MS, 1D and 2D NMR, and chemical derivatization approaches. Compound <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold> was inactive in the evaluation of antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. Its biosynthetic pathway was proposed. This finding paves the way for further mining of OSMAC potent from the deep\u2010sea derived strain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202402685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T12:31:34Z","timestamp":1734179494000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["OSMAC Investigation Directed by Genome Information Led to the Discovery of Additional Five Types of Secondary Metabolites From Deep\u2010Sea Derived <i>Penicillium<\/i> Sp. SCSIO sof101"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Songtao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio\u2010Resources and Ecology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"College of Marine Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio\u2010Resources and Ecology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"College of Marine Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiafan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio\u2010Resources and Ecology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"College of Marine Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8619-7566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongxiang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio\u2010Resources and Ecology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"College of Marine Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco\u2010Environmental Engineering  Sanya China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio\u2010Resources and Ecology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"College of Marine Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco\u2010Environmental Engineering  Sanya China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","DOI":"10.1021\/np900662k"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.57.030502.090759"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","DOI":"10.2331\/suisan.43.995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Progress in Research on Bioactive Secondary Metabolites From Deep\u2010Sea Derived Microorganisms","author":"Wang Y. 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