{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:07:31Z","timestamp":1792008451189,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    20(\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010ginsenoside Rg3 can reduce the effects of oxidative stress and cell death in cerebral ischemia\u2012reperfusion injury (CIRI). Neuroinflammation is crucial post\u2010CIRI, but how 20(\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010Rg3 affects ischemia\u2012reperfusion\u2010induced neuroinflammation is unclear. To study 20(\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010Rg3's effects on neuroinflammation and neuronal preservation in stroke models and explore toll\u2010like receptor 4\/myeloid differentiation factor\u201088\/nuclear factor kappa B (TLR4\/MyD88\/NF\u2010\u03baB) pathway mechanisms. Middle cerebral artery occlusion\/reperfusion (MCAO\/R) rats and oxygen\u2013glucose deprivation\/reoxygenation (OGD\/R)\u2010induced neuron injury were treated with 20(\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010Rg3; survival, cytokine levels, and pathway protein expressions were assessed; efficacy with the TLR4 inhibitor was also evaluated. In MCAO\/R rats, 20(\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010Rg3 administration reduced inflammatory damage to brain tissue. 20(\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010Rg3 dose\u2010dependently improved neuronal survival and attenuated inflammatory processes in OGD\/R neurons. The expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, and phosphorylated NF\u2010\u03baB p65 are upregulated in MCAO\/R rat brain tissue and OGD\/R\u2010induced neurons, and these effects are reversed by 20(\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010Rg3 treatment. In addition, 20(\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010Rg3 enhanced the anti\u2010inflammatory efficacy of the TLR4 inhibitor TAK\u2010242 and reduced inflammation in OGD\/R\u2010exposed neurons. 20(\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010Rg3 attenuates neuroinflammation and protects neurons via inhibiting TLR4\/MyD88\/NF\u2010\u03baB pathway in vitro and in vivo, suggesting it is a potential therapeutic for ischemic stroke.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202500277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T20:04:53Z","timestamp":1757448293000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["20(\n                    <i>R<\/i>\n                    )\u2010ginsenoside Rg3 Inhibits Neuroinflammation Induced by Cerebral Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating the Toll\u2010Like Receptor 4\/Myeloid Differentiation Factor\u201088\/Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Dai\u2010ju","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products\/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine Kunming Medical University  Kunming P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products\/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine Kunming Medical University  Kunming P. R. China"},{"name":"The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital (Qingyuan People's Hospital) Guangzhou Medical University  Qingyuan P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products\/College of Modern Biomedical Industry, NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine Kunming Medical University  Kunming P. R. China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Haiyuan College Kunming Medical University  Kunming P. R. 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