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Ten novel biphenyl derivatives were synthesized, incorporating trifluoromethyl (CF\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and fluorine (F) substitutions, to evaluate their efficacy against various bacterial strains, including\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Antimicrobial assays demonstrated that the F substitution significantly enhanced antibacterial activity, with the bis\u2010F derivative (\n                    <jats:bold>5D<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) showing improved potency compared to the other compounds. Molecular docking studies revealed strong binding affinities between the compounds and the target enzyme,\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    FabH, suggesting a promising mechanism of action. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) predictions indicated favorable drug\u2010like properties for most compounds, with low toxicity and good oral bioavailability. The SAR analysis further confirmed that bis\u2010F substitution at the\n                    <jats:italic>meta<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010position of the biphenyl backbone (\n                    <jats:bold>5D<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) contributed synergistically to the compounds' antimicrobial efficacy. These findings highlight the potential of these derivatives as novel antibacterial agents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202500497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T17:33:37Z","timestamp":1753119217000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fluorine\u2010 and Trifluoromethyl\u2010Substituted Biphenyl Derivatives: Promising Antimicrobial Agents Targeting\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    FabH"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Qike","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Advanced Theranostic Materials and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering  Ningbo China"},{"name":"Ningbo Cixi Institute 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