{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T13:10:18Z","timestamp":1773493818290,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Ferula galbaniflua<\/jats:italic>\n                    (B\u0101rijeh) is renowned for its anti\u2010inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, making it valuable in traditional medicine for treating skin conditions, promoting wound healing, and enhancing collagen synthesis. Its active compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, contribute to these beneficial effects, supporting its use in various pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. This study investigates the medicinal plant\n                    <jats:italic>F. galbaniflua<\/jats:italic>\n                    Boiss. (B\u0101rijeh), a traditional herbal remedy in Iran, for its effects on skin inflammation through its active compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids. We compared the efficacy of\n                    <jats:italic>F. galbaniflua<\/jats:italic>\n                    to zinc oxide ointment through experiments on rats. The evaluation included an assessment of the active compounds\u2019 antioxidant activity using the iron\u2010reducing method (Folin test) and the 2,2\u2010diphenyl\u20101\u2010picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. We also measured the antimicrobial activity of\n                    <jats:italic>F. galbaniflua<\/jats:italic>\n                    resin, focusing on its active constituents, using the disk diffusion method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against specific bacteria. Clinical studies assessed wound healing and collagen synthesis over time. The methanolic extract of\n                    <jats:italic>F. galbaniflua<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibited the highest DPPH inhibition (44.23%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a055.89%) and iron\u2010reducing power (953.23\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.011\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL). Results indicated a significant increase in collagen synthesis in treated groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001).\n                    <jats:italic>F. galbaniflua<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibits promising antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, which support its traditional use in treating skin inflammation through its bioactive macromolecules.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202500545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T20:31:07Z","timestamp":1757622667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Treatment of Skin Inflammation: Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of\n                    <i>Ferula galbaniflua<\/i>\n                    Boiss and Its Active Compounds"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Esfandiar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, NT.C. Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6789-0250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akbar","family":"Esmaeili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, NT.C. Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12991\/mpj.2017.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ffj.3321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10520295.2020.1713398"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"2759","article-title":"Biotransformation of Natural Compounds to Create Useful Medicinal Products","volume":"24","author":"Esmaeili A.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Polymeric Nanofibers and Their Composites"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2012.10.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10142-017-0567-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/991\/1\/012027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.123215"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2012.700541"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2020.125508"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14710\/ik.ijms.26.4.265-270"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.17051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.4345"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.12015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9081686"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2015.1005755"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.61186\/JBUMS.30.3.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/jhp.2020.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27051602"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1011-1344(00)00149-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"1787","article-title":"Hydrogen Peroxide Inhibits the Growth of Lung Cancer Cells via the Induction of Cell Death and G1\u2011Phase Arrest","volume":"40","author":"Park W. H.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncology Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27010209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-017-0276-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-024-10002-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01921939"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1644\/BOS-127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2019.04.007"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202500545","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbdv.202500545","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202500545","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T11:49:28Z","timestamp":1773488968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.202500545"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.202500545"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202500545","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00545"}}