{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T09:05:41Z","timestamp":1769850341598,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Sida rhombifolia<\/jats:italic> belongs to the Malvaceae and is known to have bioactive compounds. The chemical composition and concentration of <jats:italic>S. rhombifolia<\/jats:italic> could be affected by several factors, including its growth locations. This research aims to determine the metabolite profile of <jats:italic>S. rhombifolia<\/jats:italic> extracts based on different locations of growth on Java Island, Indonesia, namely, Sukabumi, Malang, Tawangmangu, and Yogyakarta, as well as classify them based on their growth locations using principal component analysis (PCA). The total phenolic content was determined using the Folin\u2013Ciocalteau methods, and antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2\u2010diphenyl\u20101\u2010picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods. The ethanol extract of <jats:italic>S. rhombifolia<\/jats:italic> from Tawangmangu had the highest yield and antioxidant activity compared to samples from other regions. The PCA score plot using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and LC\u2013HRMS data showed cumulative total variances of PC\u20101 and PC\u20102 are 96% and 91%, respectively. These results indicate that <jats:italic>S. rhombifolia<\/jats:italic> leaf extracts from different growth locations could be distinguished. This study proves that different growing areas affected the metabolite profile and antioxidant activity of <jats:italic>S. rhombifolia<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202500548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T20:49:11Z","timestamp":1752266951000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["FTIR\u2010 and LC\u2013HRMS\u2013Metabolomics Analysis, Total Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Sida rhombifolia<\/i> From Different Growth Locations"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1645-3421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Auliya","family":"Ilmiawati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB University  Bogor West Java Indonesia"},{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center IPB University  Bogor West Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilham","family":"Alfarisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB University  Bogor West Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiara Oktivia","family":"Senjayana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Analysis Study Program Vocational School of IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dyah Arum Nadya","family":"Amenita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Analysis Study Program Vocational School of IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfi Hudatul","family":"Karomah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advance Research Laboratory IPB University  Bogor West Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9426-0545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wina","family":"Yulianti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Analysis Study Program Vocational School of IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1354-6689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atep Dian","family":"Supardan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Analysis Study Program Vocational School of IPB University  Bogor Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1141-7093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul","family":"Rohman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada  Yogyakarta Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nanik Siti","family":"Aminah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga  Surabaya Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1326-4414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhamad","family":"Insanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung  Bandung Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Retti Hanggia","family":"Anggela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center IPB University  Bogor West Java Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5225-8703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad","family":"Rafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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