{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T07:20:58Z","timestamp":1780557658365,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Vachellia farnesiana<\/jats:italic> is a medicinal plant rich in bioactive compounds, long used in traditional medicine. Its therapeutic potential includes addressing cancer, diabetes, and antibiotic\u2010resistant infections, making it a promising candidate for drug discovery. This study focused on isolating active compounds from the <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2010hexane and dichloromethane (DCM) fractions of the plant's ethanolic extract employing size exclusion chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It also aimed to assess their potential antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic activities while validating traditional uses through experimental and computational approaches. The biological activities of these compounds were tested through cytotoxicity and antimicrobial assays, glucose\u2010lowering experiments in mice, and molecular docking to simulate interactions with disease\u2010related proteins. Five compounds were isolated, including \u03b2\u2010amyrin, 7\u03b2\u2010hydroxysitosterol, oleanolic acid, lauric acid, and viscic acid. Notable findings include high cytotoxicity (LC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.231\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL for the <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2010hexane fraction), antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones reaching 19\u00a0mm, and a 57.53% reduction in blood glucose levels (DCM fraction, 400\u00a0mg\/kg, 3\u00a0h). Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding affinities for the isolated compounds against targeted receptors. This research validates <jats:italic>V. farnesiana<\/jats:italic>\u2019s traditional medicinal uses and emphasizes its potential as a source of novel treatments for chronic diseases and infections and paves the way for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202500553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T18:45:04Z","timestamp":1748630704000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Isolation, Structure Elucidation, and Bioactivity Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites From <i>Vachellia farnesiana<\/i> (L.) Wight &amp; Arn."],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3892-9401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Sadman","family":"Hasib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Dhaka  Dhaka Bangladesh"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences (FHLS), Department of Pharmacy Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7271-4219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahmida Tasnim","family":"Richi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Dhaka  Dhaka Bangladesh"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific  74\/A Green Road Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1831-2278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Safaet","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Dhaka  Dhaka Bangladesh"},{"name":"Chemical Research Division, BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR)  Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9919-6132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. 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