{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T13:03:47Z","timestamp":1773493427557,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Three new steroidal saponins, kingianoside L\u2013N (\n                    <jats:bold>1\u20133<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), whose structures were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, and 15 known compounds (\n                    <jats:bold>4\u201318<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) were isolated from\n                    <jats:italic>Polygonatum kingianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    var.\n                    <jats:italic>grandifolium<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a source of the traditional antihyperglycemic medicine Polygonati rhizome. The effects of compounds\n                    <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2013\n                    <jats:bold>13<\/jats:bold>\n                    on \u03b1\u2010glucosidase activity were evaluated in vitro. Compound\n                    <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n                    exhibited stronger \u03b1\u2010glucosidase inhibitory activity than the positive control acarbose, with a half\u2010maximal inhibitory concentration of 213.9 \u00b5M, suggesting its potential as an inhibitor with hypoglycemic effects. Unexpectedly, compounds\n                    <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n                    reversed dimethyl sulfoxide\u2010suppressed \u03b1\u2010glucosidase activity, with reactivation rates of 70.0%, 65.0%, and 61.1%, respectively, implying their possible value as activators for ameliorating functional degenerative disorders targeting \u03b1\u2010glucosidase. These findings suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>P. kingianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    var.\n                    <jats:italic>grandifolium<\/jats:italic>\n                    exerts a dual regulatory effect on blood glucose levels through \u03b1\u2010glucosidase inhibition and activation in diabetes management, aligning with the yin\u2013yang balance theory in traditional Chinese medicine.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202501598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T19:54:37Z","timestamp":1757447677000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bidirectional Modulation of \u03b1\u2010Glucosidase by Steroidal Saponins From\n                    <i>Polygonatum kingianum<\/i>\n                    var.\n                    <i>grandifolium<\/i>\n                    : Inhibitory and Activating Effects Align With the Yin\u2013Yang Balance Theory"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Qing\u2010Dong","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of DaoDi Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College  Chongqing P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of DaoDi Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College  Chongqing P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Hong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences  Chongqing P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biology and Food Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges University  Chongqing P. R. 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