{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T11:20:58Z","timestamp":1791976858408,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and plants natural products are known to be safer sources of anticancer agents.\n                    <jats:italic>Dysphania botrys<\/jats:italic>\n                    , is a plant traditionally used against gastrointestinal infections, anti\u2010inflammatory purposes and as spice. This study was designed to investigate the anticancer potential of\n                    <jats:italic>D. botrys<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The hexane and methanol\u2013chloroform extracts were prepared by maceration of the crushed air\u2010dried plant material sequentially in the solvents. GC\u2013MS\/MS and LC\u2013ESI\u2013MS\/MS were used to identify phytochemical constituents in the extracts and their antiproliferative properties were assessed against liver (HEPG2) and bone (SAOS\u20102) cancer cell lines by MTT assay. Endothelial HUVEC cells were used to assess selectivity and cytotoxicity. In addition, in silico methods such as DFT, MEP, molecular docking, MD and MM\u2013PBSA were performed on major compounds. In the GC\u2013MS\/MS analysis, palmitic, linoleic, oleic and stearic acids were detected in the hexane extract, while LC\u2013ESI\u2013MS\/MS analysis revealed that the methanol\u2013chloroform extract was rich in phenolic and polyphenolic compounds, including\n                    <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010ferulic acid, vanillic acid, sinapic acid,\n                    <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010cinnamic acid and resveratrol as the major components. MTT assay demonstrated time\u2010dependent antiproliferative effects of both extracts. The methanol\u2013chloroform extract exhibited notable IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    values: 39.30\u201314.56 (24\u201348\u00a0h, HEPG2); 61.96\u201328.32 (24\u201348\u00a0h, SAOS\u20102), and no cytotoxicity was observed up to 93.09\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL on HUVEC (normal cells). The IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    values were comparable to those of the reference drug 5\u2010fluorouracil, but with significantly reduced toxicity towards normal cells. According to the results of molecular docking, resveratrol was identified as the most effective antiproliferative molecule, and this was confirmed by MD and MM\u2013PBSA. Therefore,\n                    <jats:italic>D. botrys<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a potential source of anticancer phytomedicine against liver and bone cancer that requires further investigations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202501615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T20:18:28Z","timestamp":1757708308000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cytotoxicity of\n                    <i>Dysphania botrys<\/i>\n                    L. 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