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Among them, compounds\n                    <jats:bold>1\u20133<\/jats:bold>\n                    are newly identified flavan\u2010(4\u21928)\u2010flavan\u20103\u2010ol dimers, named psychodiflavanols A\u2013C, respectively. Their structures were elucidated by a comprehensive spectroscopic analysis combined with the quantum chemical calculations of electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compounds\n                    <jats:bold>4\u20138<\/jats:bold>\n                    were determined to be known flavan\u2013 (4\u21928)\u2010flavan\u20103\u2010ol dimer or flavan\u20103\u2010ol\u2010(4\u21928)\u2010flavan\u20103\u2010ol dimers based on comparison with literature data. All isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), \u03b1\u2010glucosidase, and \u03b1\u2010amylase. The results demonstrated that psychodiflavanol A (\n                    <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) had potent and selective inhibition of BChE, with a half\u2010maximal inhibitory concentration (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) value of 11.47 \u00b1 2.12 \u00b5M. In addition, psychodiflavanol B showed a notable \u03b1\u2010glucosidase inhibitory effect with an IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    value of 10.15 \u00b1 1.17 \u00b5M. These findings suggest that the flavane dimers from\n                    <jats:italic>P. calocarpa<\/jats:italic>\n                    might possess promising potential as lead compounds for developing therapeutic agents that target neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202502121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T19:26:13Z","timestamp":1754940373000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Flavane Dimers From\n                    <i>Psychotria calocarpa<\/i>\n                    and Their Enzyme Inhibition Activities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Deng\u2010Jian","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Dali University  Dali China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Naval Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xian\u2010Peng","family":"Zu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Naval Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhao\u2010Ting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue\u2010Mei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Dali University  Dali China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi\u2010Ke","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Naval Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Dong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Naval Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Dali University  Dali China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8107-1593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun\u2010Heng","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Naval Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.161430"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2013.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/9781788016612"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7966"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202300204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2025.2491316"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21276\/ap.2017.6.1.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2009.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.03.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109862"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2025.149528"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(99)00261-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.108999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae","author":"Editorial Committee of the Flora of China","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13080183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.1c00738"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2005.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1249878"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(90)89049-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.09.041"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; 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