{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:51:37Z","timestamp":1790790697554,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study investigated the use of\n                    <jats:italic>Rosmarinus officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (rosemary) essential oil in a microemulsion (ME) formulation for the treatment of ocular fungal keratitis, a serious infection that can lead to blindness. The ME was characterized in terms of pH, stability, homogeneity, osmolarity, and other physicochemical properties. The Hen's Egg Test\u2010Chorioallantoic Membrane assay was used to assess ocular irritancy, and antifungal efficacy was evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concentration method. The oil extraction yielded 1.2%, with eucalyptol (37.89%) as the major compound. The formulation showed a suitable pH (6.96), particle size of 11.35\u00a0nm, good stability, and was classified as non\u2010irritant with an irritation score = 1.5. It exhibited strong antifungal activity against\n                    <jats:italic>Candida parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (96.1%),\n                    <jats:italic>C. krusei<\/jats:italic>\n                    (100%),\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    (99.1%),\n                    <jats:italic>Fusarium graminearum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (90.5%), and\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus parasiticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (79.5%). The results highlight the potential of rosemary essential oil as a base for developing eye drops for the treatment of fungal keratitis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202502124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T19:48:43Z","timestamp":1760557723000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rosemary Essential Oil Microemulsion for Fungal Keratitis Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Saulo","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o De Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico Farmac\u00eautico, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9303-9526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana Coelho","family":"Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o De Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico Farmac\u00eautico, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9908-9348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denise de Oliveira","family":"Scoaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o De Fitoqu\u00edmica e Prospec\u00e7\u00e3o Farmac\u00eautica, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jovita Eug\u00eania Gazinelli Cruz","family":"Madeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o De Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Oct\u00e1vio Magalh\u00e3es Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8068-5211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Lig\u00f3rio","family":"Fialho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o De Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico Farmac\u00eautico, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9985-6252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina Paula de Souza","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o De Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico Farmac\u00eautico, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346\u2010021\u201000966\u2010x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"662","article-title":"Fungal Infections of the Eye","volume":"13","author":"Rammohan R.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Clin Micro Rpt"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12281\u2010019\u201000338\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12822"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473\u20103099(20)30448\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2018.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2019.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2021.12.001"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"Antifungals in Eye Infections: Drugs and Routes of Administration","volume":"72","author":"M\u00fcler G. 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