{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T07:00:06Z","timestamp":1775890806421,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Urinary tract pathogens continue to pose serious health challenges owing to their increasing resistance and biofilm formation. In the present study, the methanolic crude extract of\n                    <jats:italic>Syzygium aromaticum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (McSA) exhibited concentration\u2010dependent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against uropathogens. At 100\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL,\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed the highest antibacterial susceptibility with a 31\u00a0mm inhibition zone, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibited greater biofilm inhibition of 80.28% at a 200\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL concentration. Compared with standard gentamicin, the extract exhibited greater inhibitory activity. The synergistic interaction between McSA and eugenol further enhanced antibiofilm efficacy, with a strong combinatorial effect. Quorum sensing\u2010regulated motility and virulence were suppressed by McSA, as evidenced by the inhibition of swimming, swarming, and the CRA method. McSA exhibited potent DPPH radical scavenging activity, with an antioxidant potential of 79.13% compared with 84.31% for standard ascorbic acid. The anti\u2010inflammatory efficacy of McSA was 74.83% at 500\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL, whereas it was 81.49% for the standard aspirin in the protein denaturation assay. GC\u2010MS analysis revealed major bioactive compounds, including eugenol, caryophyllene, and methoxyacetic acid heptadecyl ester, whereas FT\u2010IR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, and aromatic rings. ADMET profiling revealed six drug\u2010like compounds with high gastrointestinal absorption and favorable permeability. Molecular docking revealed that methoxyacetic acid heptadecyl ester had greater binding affinity (\u22127.56\u00a0kcal\/mol). This study highlights the synergistic and multitargeted action of McSA, positioning it as a potential natural therapeutic candidate against uropathogens.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202502194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T05:02:52Z","timestamp":1771304572000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["GC\u2010MS Profiling and In Silico Evaluation of Methanolic\n                    <i>Syzygium aromaticum<\/i>\n                    Extract Against Urinary Tract Pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4480-1227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lokesh","family":"Elumalai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Helix Research Studio Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ganesh Kumar","family":"Anbazhagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subashchandrabose","family":"Subramaniyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manivannan","family":"Govindasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Research Unit Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gopukumar Sivakumar","family":"Thangam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Nanobioinformatics Unit, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879\u2010019\u20103997\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1947\u20102714.94940"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11102817"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2012.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2015.01.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2016.1240656"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22207\/JPAM.16.3.40"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"118","article-title":"Study of Bacteria Isolated From Urinary Tract Infections and Determination of Their Susceptibility to Antibiotics","volume":"2","author":"Mansour A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00040\u201009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22207\/JPaM.12.2.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253\u2010019\u201009618\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908\u2010019\u20100658\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2016.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37275\/ehi.v2i2.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28062430"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/9781845934057.0000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ap\u20102016\u20100012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20546\/ijcmas.2016.502.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1057"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"420","article-title":"Evaluation of Green Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles From Abrus precatorius Seeds for Their Antibacterial, Anti\u2010Inflammatory, Anti\u2010Proliferative and Antidiabetic Properties","volume":"41","author":"Uday M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Latin American Journal of Pharmacy"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108498"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2017.1295225"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prmcm.2024.100521"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32859\/era.21.40.1\u201018"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","first-page":"429","article-title":"Toxicological Affects of Essential Oils From Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Globules and Clove Eugenia caryophyllus on Albino Rats","volume":"20","author":"Shalaby S. E.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Polish Journal of Environmental Studies"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2016.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.09.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2020032665"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104\u2010017\u20102665\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm89040045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","first-page":"509","article-title":"Control of Microorganisms, the Control of Microorganisms by Physical Agents","volume":"469","author":"Pelczar M. J.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Microbiology (Reading, England)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362\u2010028X\u201070.11.2631"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100463.2007.apm_630.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/jfbc\/8016598"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2008.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.42.8.872"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20101\u20104939\u20109601\u20108_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf500180u"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2019.02.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8MD00472B"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2016.051"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","first-page":"414","article-title":"Patterns of Antibiotic Sensitivity of Bacterial Pathogens Among Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) Patients in a Pakistani Population","volume":"6","author":"Bano K.","year":"2012","journal-title":"African Journal of Microbiology Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/archcid\u2010134924"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22363\/2313\u20100245\u20102023\u201027\u20103\u2010379\u2010390"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1447144"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13121232"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906\u2010019\u20102547\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01652\u201014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2024.115914"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756\u2010018\u20100303\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03666\u201022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103813"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2022.105678"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.116698"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum)","volume":"13","author":"Mashkor I. M. A. A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Chemical Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54987\/jobimb.v10i1.657"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13596\u2010019\u201000416\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29333\/ejgm\/82334"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2014.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25122900"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10020202"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2022.102470"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034\u2010737\u00d72010000500004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/separations7020035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2124"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supflu.2012.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2014.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf201886c"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/2211352520666220405124929"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ajprhc.ajprhc_56_24"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901690"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502194","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502194","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502194","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T06:31:18Z","timestamp":1775889078000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502194"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.202502194"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502194","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02194"}}