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Sequential solvent extraction produced four fractions\u2014chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and aqueous\u2014that were analyzed for total phenolic and flavonoid contents and subjected to LC\u2013MS\/MS profiling. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti\u2010inflammatory activities were assessed using in vitro assays, in vivo models, and molecular docking simulations. LC\u2013MS\/MS analysis identified sixteen bioactive compounds, notably quercetin, luteolin, rutin, oleuropein, and sinapic acid. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest phenolic (133.61\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.25\u00a0mg GAE\/g) and flavonoid (47.77\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.10\u00a0mg QE\/g) contents, along with potent antioxidant activity (DPPH IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.164\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.001\u00a0mg\/mL) and strong antibacterial effects, particularly against\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The butanol extract was the most effective against\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In vitro anti\u2010inflammatory activity was confirmed by inhibition of protein denaturation (65.3%), and notably, this is the first report of in vivo anti\u2010inflammatory activity of\n                    <jats:italic>E. vesicaria<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with butanol and aqueous extracts significantly reducing carrageenan\u2010induced paw edema in mice. Acute toxicity tests confirmed safety at doses up to 5000\u00a0mg\/kg, while molecular docking indicated strong interactions between key compounds and inflammation\u2010related targets. These findings highlight\n                    <jats:italic>E. vesicaria<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a promising source of safe and effective natural therapeutic agents, supporting its traditional use and providing a basis for future pharmacological development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202502235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T00:49:49Z","timestamp":1765586989000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Phytochemical Composition and Biological Potential of\n                    <i>Eruca vesicaria<\/i>\n                    (L.) Cav.: In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Mohamed Habib","family":"Brahimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Valorization and Promotion of Saharan Resources Kasdi Merbah University  Ouargla Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Messaouda","family":"Dekmouche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Valorization and Promotion of Saharan Resources Kasdi Merbah University  Ouargla Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derradji","family":"Hadef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Valorization and Promotion of Saharan Resources Kasdi Merbah University  Ouargla Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8403-566X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asma","family":"Abid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Valorization and Promotion of Saharan Resources Kasdi Merbah University  Ouargla Algeria"},{"name":"Higher School of Saharan Agriculture  El\u2010Oued Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nour Elhouda","family":"Mekhadmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of the Development and Technology of Saharan Resources (VTRS) University of El\u2010Oued  Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Biology Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences University of El Oued  El Oued Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youcef","family":"Benaissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Valorization and Promotion of Saharan Resources Kasdi Merbah University  Ouargla Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Yousfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire des Sciences Fondamentales Universit\u00e9 Amar Telidji de Laghouat  Laghouat Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026\u20100495(00)80077\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21330"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3496043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0973\u20107847.95849"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"220","article-title":"Medicinal Plants: The Medical, Food, and Nutritional Biochemistry and Uses","volume":"5","author":"Awuchi C. 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