{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:35:42Z","timestamp":1786977342132,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chemistry &amp;amp; Biodiversity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study isolated a compound with anti\u2010inflammatory properties from\n                    <jats:italic>Musa<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00d7\n                    <jats:italic>paradisiaca<\/jats:italic>\n                    fruit peels. The methanol extract was partitioned, and the hexane fraction with the best bioactivity was subjected to column chromatography before characterization via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV\u2013visible (UV\u2013VIS) and NMR analysis. The in vivo anti\u2010inflammatory properties of the methanol extract and hexane fraction were investigated using the formalin\u2010induced oedema model in rats. The compound's antioxidant, red blood cell (RBC) membrane stabilization and phospholipase\u2010A2 (PL\u2010A2) inhibitory effects were evaluated in vitro. The UV\u2013VIS spectrum at 222\u00a0nm absorbance and FTIR absorption at 2922, 2855, 1707, 1643, 1453 and 1375\u00a0cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    with proton and carbon\u201013 spectra suggest the compound is a steroid. The in vivo anti\u2010inflammatory assay showed significant oedema reduction of the hexane fraction at 200\u00a0mg\/kg. The compound also displayed Fe\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    reduction and scavenged free radical molecules while showing PL\u2010A2 inhibition and the ability to limit RBC haemolysis. The compound also presented stronger affinities for PL\u2010A2 (\u22127.6\u00a0kcal\/mol) and NF\u2010\u03baB (\u22126.0\u00a0kcal\/mol) than indomethacin and ibuprofen drugs, with a favourable pharmacokinetic model. Though\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    . \u00d7\n                    <jats:italic>paradisiaca<\/jats:italic>\n                    fruit peels are often discarded as waste, our study highlights a sustainable approach to the reutilization of this plant material as a source of a lead molecule for inflammatory disease management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202502342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:54:30Z","timestamp":1761155670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anti\u2010Inflammatory, Antioxidant, Molecular Docking and Pharmacokinetics Properties of Cycloeucalenone Isolated From\n                    <i>Musa<\/i>\n                    \u00d7\n                    <i>paradisiaca<\/i>\n                    L. Fruit Peels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7944-5165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibeabuchi J.","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Enugu State, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology University of the Free State  Bloemfontein South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kolawole A.","family":"Olofinsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology University of the Free State  Bloemfontein South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goodnews O.","family":"Ikeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Enugu State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ndidiamaka H.","family":"Okorie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Enugu State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyril C.","family":"Adonu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Enugu State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romanus C.","family":"Omeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Enugu State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blessing C.","family":"Idoko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Enugu State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela E.","family":"Nnamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Agbani, Enugu State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2022.2025574"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13221906"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2018.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-061516-045037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27093038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2018.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"737","article-title":"A Comprehensive Review on Musa paradisiaca Taxonomical, Morphological Classification and Its Pharmacological Activities","volume":"13","author":"Kemisetti D.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Banana and Plantain\u2014An Overview With Emphasis on Pacific Island Cultivars","volume":"1","author":"Ploetz R. C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","article-title":"Bioactive Constituents and Antiulcer Activity of the Unripe Fruit Peel of Musa paradisiaca L.(Musaceae)","volume":"10","author":"Odion E. E.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Applied Science Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Musa paradisiaca Linn.\u2014A Comprehensive Review","volume":"2","author":"Galani V.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scholars International Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.117639"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13005\/ojc\/400602"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/rjb.2025.83.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/890151"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42717"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21334"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-024-11291-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13111754"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/AJFS2017.1680"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"Musa paradisiaca\u2010A Review on Traditional Uses and Pharmacological Activities","volume":"7","author":"Ajithkumar N.","year":"2017","journal-title":"RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21601\/ejosdr\/12038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/jamps\/2021\/v23i630240"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/gels9110901"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2014.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112666"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22178\/pos.113-27"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(02)00210-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578X1300800906"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","first-page":"179","article-title":"Pharmacological Characterization of Solanum cernuum Vell.: 31\u2010Norcycloartanones With Analgesic and Anti\u2010Inflammatory Properties","volume":"22","author":"Lopes L. C.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijfs.14978"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-0157-5_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2023.2168758"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2022.04.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10101449"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10101608"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22270\/jddt.v13i8.5928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsfoodscitech.5c00285"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1709944"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12183417"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2021.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Assessment of the Nutritional, Anti Nutritional, and Antioxidant Capacity of Uripe, Ripe, and Over Ripe Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) Peels","volume":"3","author":"Oduje A. A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Current Advanced Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578X1801300308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2025.2502153"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11696-022-02128-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222312808"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.389"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2018.197","article-title":"Re\u2010Assessing the Rule of 5, Two Decades On","volume":"17","author":"Mullard A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery"}],"container-title":["Chemistry &amp; Biodiversity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502342","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502342","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502342","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T07:54:00Z","timestamp":1785484440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cbdv.202502342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202502342","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-1872","1612-1880"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-1872","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-1880","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e02342"}}